1. Rock mechanics view of a seismogenic fault zone
Scholz, 1988 1

2. Large shallow earthquakes well imaged by space geodesy
Mw 7.3 Landers (California, USA), 1992
Mw 7.4 Izmit (Turkey), 1999
Mw 7.1 Hector Mine (California, USA), 1999
Mw 6.6 Bam (Iran), 2003
Mw 7.9 Wenchuan (China), 2008
Mw 7.0 Haiti, 2010
Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah (Mexico), 2010 2

3. M7.3 Landers, 1992 vertical horizontal Fialko et al., JGR 2004
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Fialko et al., JGR 2004

4. Mw 7.1 Hector Mine (California, USA), 1999
vertical
horizontal
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Fialko et al., GRL 2001
Simons et al., BSSA 2002

5. Mw 6.6 Bam (Iran), 2003 vertical horizontal Fialko et al., Nature 2005
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Fialko et al., Nature 2005

6. April 4, 2010 M7.2 El Mayor (Mexico) earthquake ENVISAT track 84
from ENVISAT and ALOS data

7. 7

8. triggered slip
Wei et al.,
2010

9. Wei, Sandwell and Fialko, JGR 2009
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Wei, Sandwell and Fialko, JGR 2009

11. Wei et al., JGR 2009
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf

12. Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Wei et al., JGR 2009

13. Effect of a fault damage zone
Chester et al., 1993
Chester et al., 2005 13

14. Effect of a fault damage zone
co-Hector Mine
Fialko et al., Science, 2002
co-Landers
Sdfsdfsd fdsdf
Fialko, JGR 2004

15. Effect of a fault damage zone
Sylvain Barbot
Barbot et al., JGR 2008 15

16. Conclusions
- Inversions of space geodetic data for slip distribution due to large strike-slip earthquakes reveal “shallow slip deficit”
- Reduced near-surface coseismic slip is predicted by models of earthquake cycle on faults with rate-and-state friction; same simulations predict shallow fault creep in the postseismic and interseismic periods
InSAR observations do not reveal shallow creep sufficient to relieve the inferred coseismic deficit
In the presence of macroscopic compliant zones, the inferred deficit is in fact underestimated
Plastic yielding during coseismic slip tempers strain near the fault and may account for at least some of the deficit 16