1. Art timeline images for discussion and study.
Chapter Seven Examples Religious Conviction
Art timeline images for discussion and study.
Spring, 2017*

2. Faith is the substance of things hoped for,
The evidence of things not seen.
Hebrews, xi, i

3. I should be able to… 7
Explain why during the Christian era, art shifts from earlier Greek and Roman tradition or realism toward a strong use of symbols
Understand that under Justinian, the Byzantine Empire moved to the East in 527 and that the emperor was extremely influential in fostering the art of his reign.
Comprehend that during the seventh century, the rival faith of Islam, which began in Arabia, spread rapidly to the near East and the southern Mediterranean.
Describe Islamic art and explain why it relied heavily on geometric and abstract forms.
Understand that early medieval art was made by nomadic tribes until Charlemagne fostered a revival of Classican culture in the late eighth and early ninth centuries.
Art History Learning Targets

4. I should be able to…
7.1
Explain why early Christian art used figures and images symbolically.
Understand that before Emperor Constantine made Christianity the state religion in 313, frescoes of Christian sub were painted on the ceilings and walls of secret, underground tunnel-like catacombs.
Comprehend that the legalization of Christianity gave rise to new architecture and highly crafted objects.
Describe the typical plan of an early Christian church and understand its origins in Roman basilicas.
Understand that the T-shaped basilica plan became the general basis of European churches for many centuries.
Art History Learning Targets

5. 7.1 VOCABULARY
•Diptych (dip-tik) •rotunda (ro-tun-dah)
•Catacombs (kat-i-komz) •sarcophagus (sar-koff-ag-gus)
•Atrium (ay-tree-um)
•Nave
•Apse
•Baldachin
•Transept
•Crypt (kript)

6. The Good Shepherd, from the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Rome
4th century
Fresco
Khan Academy Video

7. Sarcophagus with Old and New Testament Scenes,
Santa Maria Antiqua, Rome, Italy, c. 270.
23.25 inches by 86 inches.
Marble
Khan Academy Video

8. Santa Maria Maggiori
431, Rome, Italy
Khan Academy Video

9. Panoramic view of interior
Santa Maria Maggiori
431, Rome, Italy

10. Apollinare in Classe
533 – 549, Ravenna, Italy
Khan Academy Video

11. Apollinare in Classe (interior)
533 – 549, Ravenna, Italy

12. Basilica floor plans

13. St. Apollinare in Classe, floor plan
533 – 549, Ravenna, Italy

14. Floor plan, Old St. Peters

15. (Christ as) The Good Shepherd
270 – 280, Asia Minor, Phrygia (Central Turkey)

16. Calf Bearer
Greek, Early sixth century BCE

17. Ivory Panel showing an Archangel (and reverse side)
Constantinople, Turkey

18. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
c. 359, Museo Petriano, St. Peter’s, Rome
Marble
Khan Academy Video

19. Colossus of Constantine, c. 312–315
Palazzo dei Conservatori, Musei Capitolini, Rome
Marble

20. Chalice of Antioch
350 – 500, Syria
Silver and gilt

21. I should be able to…
7.2
Understand that the Roman Empire was divided into two after the death of Constantine in 337, and Constantinople become the powerful seat of the Eastern sphere.
Describe the Golden Age of Byzantine art and culture that began under the emperor Justinian.
Describe how Byzantine art stresses symbolism over naturalism as a means of communicating spiritual ideas.
Explain that Byzantine architecture and mosaic decoration spread throughout Eastern Europe and eventually to Russia.
Comprehend that in the early eight century, a controversy disrupted the development of Byzantine culture for over 100 years as iconoclasts, who wanted to destroy religious images, fought those who felt it important to keep religious depictions.
Explain that Byzantine icons (religious images) were painted on wood panels and were used both in worship centers at home and in church interiors.
Art History Learning Targets

22. 7.2 VOCABULARY
Tessera (tess-ah-rah)
Pendentive (pen-den-tiv)
Pier
Icon (eye-kon)
Iconostasis (eye-kon-ah-stah-sis)
Triptych (trip-tik)

23. A Beginner’s Guide to Byzantine Art

24. Church of San Vitale
525 – 547, Ravenna, Italy
Khan Academy Video

25. Christ between the Virgin and
Saint John the Baptist (detail)
1261, Constantinople

26. Church of San Vitale (interior)
525 – 547, Ravenna, Italy

27. The Emperor Justinian and Attendants
c. 547, San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy
Mosaic
Khan Academy Video

28. Empress Theodora and Attendants
c. 547, San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy
mosaic

29. Hagia Sophia
c. 532 – 537, Constantinople
Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletos
Khan Academy Video Khan Academy Video 2
How did they build this dome?

30. Hagia Sophia (interior)
c. 532 – 537, Constantinope
Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletos

31. Christ between the Virgin and
Saint John the Baptist (detail)
1261, Constantinople

32. St. Mark’s Church
1063, Venice, Italy
Khan Academy Video

33. Cathedral of St. Basil
1554 – 1566, Moscow, Russia

34. Enthroned Madonna and Child
13th century, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC
egg tempera on panel
The National Gallery of Art Website

35. Harbaville Triptych, (Christ Enthroned with Saints)
c. 950, Louvre, Paris, France
Ivory
Take a Quiz over Byzantine Art

36. I should be able to…
7.3
Describe how Islam began in Arabia during the seventh century and quickly swept across the Near East and the southern Mediterranean, India, and the southern portion of Western Europe.
Comprehend that Islamic culture rivaled Christianity and influenced medieval Europe.
Understand that Islamic art is based primarily on ornate abstract and geometric designs.
Explain that as the Islamic faith spread, architects built new structures and also converted old Christian basilicas and churches for use as mosques.
Khan Academy Link
Art History Learning Targets

37. 7.3 VOCABULARY
Arabesque (ar-uh-besk)
Stucco (stuk-oh)
Mosque (mosk)
Minaret (min-ar-et)
Miniature (min-ee-a-choor)

38. NationalGeographicTV 1
The Alhambra
1354 – 1391, Granada, Spain

39. The Alhambra (courtyard)
1354 – 1391, Granada, Spain
theguardian Link

40. Dome of the Rock
Late 600s, Jerusalem, Israel
Khan Academy Link
PBS Video

41. Great Mosque
706 – 715, Damascus, Syria

42. Laila and Majnun at School,
Islamic Book Illustration
1524 – 1525, Metroplitan Museum of Art, New York, NY

43. I should be able to…
7.4
Explain that between the fifth and seventh centuries, various Christian and pagan European tribes carried small, portable art treasures with them as they searched for permanent homes after the collapse of the Roman Empire.
Describe the geometric designs and animal motifs that were popular elements of pagan art.
Comprehend that elegant and delicate manuscript illumination became an important art form as Christian missionaries tried to establish their religion among the nomadic groups.
Describe how the arts prospered in the late eighth and early ninth centuries under Charlemagne, who brought stability to the north.
Understand that Charlemagne stimulated a revival of Classical art, studies and language.
Art History Learning Targets

44. 7.4 VOCABULARY
Illumination (i-loo-mi-nay-shun)
Vellum

45. Gospel of St. John the Evangelist,
Lindisfarne Gospel
698 – 721, British Library, London
Khan Academy Video PBS Video

46. Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne
792 – 895, Aechen, Germany