1. Serial Communication Protocols And Embedded IoT
G Hariharan
Roll 35,S3 ECE

2. Serial Communication

3. UART
UART is a computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable. The electric signaling levels and methods (such as differential signaling, etc.) are handled by a driver circuit external to the UART.
RS232,RS484 etc are the major standards

4. I2C
I2C is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers in short- distance, intra-board communication.
It uses two lines namely SDA(Serial data line) and SCL(Serial clock line)

5. SPI
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. The interface was developed by Motorola in the late eighties and has become a de facto standard. Typical applications include Secure Digital cards and liquid crystal displays.
Uses 3 lines namely MOSI,MISO and SCK
It is faster as compared to I2C

6. BOOTLOADER
Bootloader is the first code that runs when a microcontroller is powered ON.
In most microcontrollers it is stored in the OFFSET 0x0000.
It is basically a .hex file
UART protocol requires a bootloader while the SPI dosent need one.
Bootloaders are usually burned using SPI

7. SLIP PROTOCOL
The Serial Line Internet Protocol (also SLIP) is an encapsulation of the Internet Protocol designed to work over serial ports and modem connections. It is documented in RFC On personal computers, SLIP has been largely replaced by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), which is better engineered, has more features and does not require its IP address configuration to be set before it is established. SLIP is being used to connect microcontrollers to the internet.