1. Classification, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Plants
Topic Test # 3 Review
Classification, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration and Plants

2. What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration and photosynthesis? Pg. 232 and Pg. 251
The Photosynthesis Equation
6CO H2O energy (light)  C6H12O O2
carbon dioxide water energy (light)  sugars oxygen
(reactants) (products)
The Cellular Respiration (Aerobic Respiration) Equation
C6H12O O2  6CO H2O + energy (ATP)
sugars + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
(reactants) (products)

4. Where does photosynthesis and cellular respiration (AKA aerobic respiration) take place within the cell (in which organelles)? Pg. 253
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast
Cellular (Aerobic) Respiration takes place in the mitochondria

5. What does photosynthesis and cellular respiration have to do with energy? Pg. 253
Photosynthesis stores energy
Cellular respiration releases or spends energy.

6. How is ADP transformed into ATP in an animal cell? Pg. 227
The chemical energy in food is used to add the third phosphate group to ADP, transforming it into ADP.
To release the energy in ATP, the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken, turning ATP back into ADP.

7. How does water’s unique bonding help plants draw water up to their roots? Pg. 41 and Pg. 687
Since water is a polar molecule, with the oxygen end being slightly negative and the hydrogen end being slightly positive, water bonds to itself. This allows it to have many unique and important properties and abilities, such as drawing water up from roots to stem.

8. What do the xylem and phloem (vascular tissues) do for plants? Pg. 643
Xylem and phloem are located in the stem of the plant.
The xylem draws water up from the ground tissue (like roots).
The phloem transports dissolved nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

9. How do guard cells help to prevent water loss in plants? Pg. 682
Guard cells help prevent water loss in plants.

10. What is the role of meristems in plant growth? Pg. 667
Meristematic tissue (AKA meristems) are regions of unspecialized cells in which cell division happens very quickly, forcing new growth.

11. Explain the relationship between carbohydrates and energy.
Carbohydrates like sugars and starches are great for storing energy on the long-term.

12. What are the products of anaerobic respiration of yeast (alcoholic fermentation)? Pg. 263
Fermentation (anaerobic respiration) is the cell’s way of continuing to make ATP in the absence of oxygen.
The waste products of respiration are alcohol and carbon dioxide.

13. True or False: Organisms that share the same kingdom, phylum and class are more closely related than organisms that do not share the same classifications. Pg. 514

14. Do animal cells have a chloroplast? Pg. 206
No. Just no.

15. In cellular respiration, what is chemical energy (like glucose) transformed into? Pg. 251
In all eukaryotic organisms, Cellular respiration transforms the chemical energy in food into useable energy for cells.

16. What does a seed need to properly germinate (begin to grow)? Pg. 706
In order to develop (germinate) a seed requires moisture and an appropriate temperature.

17. What are the best conditions for gas exchange within a plant? Pg. 682
Gas exchange requires the leaf to be wet and the stomata to be open.

18. You can measure the rate of photosynthesis by measuring the amount of _______________ released from a plant.
Oxygen!!!!
Remember the oxygen bubbles in the gizmo?

19. Identify the closest common ancestor using a cladogram. Pg. 522
The organisms that the closest to the top of the cladogram will be the most closely related.
In this cladogram, cats are most closely related to dogs.

20. The kingdoms that contain photosynthetic organisms are: Pg. 524

21. Eukaryotic organisms that are multicellular and do not contain chlorophyll are: Pg. 524

22. The female part of the flower that contains the stigma which collects pollen is the: Pg. 696
The female structure is the carpel (which is also called the pistil)!