1. Studying the genres of music.
Music appreciation
Studying the genres of music.

2. Goals for this class:
Listen to and create an understanding and appreciation of different types of music.
Learn famous musicians from each of the genres.
Learn some different sub-genres.
Learn some interesting history about different musicians and types of music.

3. How to listen to music clips:
Get the I-tunes app on your phone or go to I-tunes on the internet.
Click on I-tunes Store
In upper right hand corner is the search icon
Type in the highlighted music clip that was discussed in class.
It should be close to the same number it was when we searched it up in class.
Click on it and listen to it as many times as needed.
We will use the same clip for the quiz.

4. Genres of music include:
Classical
Jazz
Blues
Rock
Latin
Electronic
Country
Musicals
Hip-hop

5. List of music for classical quiz:
Vivaldi: Four Seasons: Spring (#1 on list) - Strings
Handel: Messiah: Hallelujah Chorus (#1 on list) - Choir
Bach: Toccata and Fuge in D Minor (#1 on list) - Organ
Bach: Concerto No. 5 in F Minor (#1 on list) – Harpsichord
Mozart: 5 Variations on Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star (#2 on list)
Mozart: Serenade in G Major “Eine Kleine Nachtmusik” (#1 on list)
Beethoven: Fur Elise (#2 on list)
Beethoven: Symphony No. 5 in C Minor (#5 on list)
Tchaikovsky: The Nutcracker: Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy (#2 on list)

6. Classical music project
Research a classical composer during the common practice time period.
Write a one page report or create a short “Power Point” (or other) presentation.
Be ready to present it to the class at the end of this unit.
Along with your project you will make a collage of classical music or of just the one you researched. Usually pictures you find on the internet, printed, cut out and glued on construction paper.

7. Composers
Dates
Vivaldi
Handel
Bach
Mozart
Beethoven
Tchaikovsky

8. Periods and eras of Western classical music
Early
Medieval
500–1400
Renaissance
1400–1600
Common practice
Baroque
1600–1760
Classical
1730–1820
Romantic
1780–1910
Impressionist
1875–1925
Modern and contemporary
Modern
High modern
1890–1975
20th-century
(1900–2000)
Contemporary
Postmodern
1975–present
21st-century
(2000–present)

9. Classical music Composers Antonio Vivaldi Vivaldi Handel Bach Mozart
Beethoven
Tchaikovsky
Antonio Vivaldi
1678 – 1741
Born in Venice, Italy
He was an Italian Baroque Composer

10. III. George Frederic Handel 1685 – 1759
As a child he was considered a virtuoso violinist.
Known for his instrumental concertos, especially the violin.
After his death, his music went into obscurity until the 20th century.
III. George Frederic Handel
1685 – 1759
Born in Germany but family moved to England in 1712.
He was known as a British Baroque composer.
Famous for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos.

11. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Johann Sebastian Bach
1685 – 1750
Born in Eisenach, Germany
The entire Bach family were musicians for two hundred years.
Known as a composer, organist, harpsichordist, and violinist of the Baroque period.
He was not recognized as a great composer during his time.
He died due to poor health and blindness in 1749.
The piano became popular in the 1840s, so his harpsichord music was not as popular any more.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1756 – 1791
Born in Salzurg, Austria

12. He composed “Twinkle, Twinkle” at the age of 6.
As a child, Mozart was considered a prodigy, and performed for European royalty from the age of 7.
He composed “Twinkle, Twinkle” at the age of 6.
He moved to Vienna, Austria at the age of 17.
Musicians were considered servants, but since he had been performing for royalty from a young age he didn’t like that. So, he decided to become an independent musician (not work for anyone) and sell his music to publishers.
His first two financially successful operas were (and are famous to this day):
The Marriage of Figaro
Don Giovanni
He died mysteriously very young.

13. Ludwig Van Beethoven
1771 – 1827
Born in Bonn, Germany
He started music lessons at the age of 4, his father was his teacher. He wanted him to be a prodigy like Mozart.
In 1787 he traveled to Vienna in hopes of studying with Mozart (age 17) but he had to return to Bonn because his mother died.
Beethoven’s first public performance in Vienna wasn’t until Shortly after, he became financially successful and began composing more.
After Mozart died, he became even more popular.
At the age of 26, however, he began to lose his hearing and by he was completely deaf.

14. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
1840 – 1893
Born in present day Udmurtia, Russia.
Both of his parents were well educated and as a child he had a French governess (nanny).
His mother died when he was 15 and it affected him the rest of his life.
He was the first Russian composer whose music made an international impression.
He performed his compositions in both Europe and America.
The end of Classical Music Notes

15. List of music for jazz quiz
Jazz Artist
Name of Composition
Type of Jazz (sub genre)
1. Scott Joplin
The Entertainer (piano) #2
Ragtime
2. Louis Armstrong and His Orchestra
When the Saints Come Marching In (vocals) #2
Dixieland
3. Duke Ellington and John Coltrane
In a Sentimental Mood (saxophone) #1
Modal
4. Miles Davis
Summertime (trumpet) #1
5. Count Basie
Blue Skies (vocals) #1
Swing
6. Benny Goodman
Rattle and Roll (Clarinet) #1
7. Dizzy Gillespie
Hurry Home (trumpet) #1
BeBop
8. Ray Charles
I got a Woman (vocals) #4
Gospel
9. Charlie Parker
Ko-Ko (saxophone) #1
Be Bop

16. The History of jazz music
General Information
Jazz: a genre of music that originated in African American communities during the late 19th century.
Jazz spans a range of music from ragtime to present day – a period of over a 100 years.
Jazz uses improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation, and the ‘swung’ note.
Jazz combines aspects of European harmony, American popular music, the brass band tradition, and African musical elements such as the blue notes and ragtime.

17. Jazz continued… Typical Jazz Instruments Subgenres
A. Bass and Double Bass
B. Guitar
C. Piano and Hammond Organ
D. Horns: Trumpet and Trombone
E. Wind Instruments: Saxaphone and Clarinet
Subgenres

18. Jazz continued… Subgenres of Jazz A. New Orleans Jazz (Dixieland)
1. Began in the early 1910s
2. Combines brass band marches, French quadrilles, ragtime, and blues with collective improvisation.
B. Kansas City Jazz (Swing/ Big Bands)
(continued on next page)

19. Jazz continued… 1. Heavily arranged dance music
B. Kansas City Jazz
1. Heavily arranged dance music
2. Hard swinging and bluesy.
3. Big Bands with a conductor.
C. Bebop or Bop Jazz
1. Fast tempo, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation
2. combination of harmonic structure and occasional references to the melody

20. Jazz continued… 1. Acid Jazz 2. Asian American Jazz
D. Other genres of Jazz include:
1. Acid Jazz
2. Asian American Jazz
3. Avant-garde Jazz
4. Cape Jazz (South African)
5. Latin Jazz
6. Modal Jazz
7. And Many Many More…

21. List of music for rock music quiz
Rock Artist
Name of Song
I-tunes #
Elvis Presley
Jail House Rock 6
Chuck Berry
Johnny Be Good 1
Little Richard
Tutti Fruti
Richie Valens
La Bomba
Gladys Knight and the Pips
I Heard it Through the Grapevine 8
Jackson 5
ABC 2
The Beatles
Twist and Shout 9
The Rolling Stones
Satisfaction
Queen and David Bowie
Under Pressure

22. Rock music cultural origins
Rock music started to become popular in the 1950s
Rock music started it’s popularity in the United States and the United Kingdom (England and Ireland)
Rock music was influenced by the music that came before it: Blues, Jazz, Classical

23. Stylistic origins of rock music
Jazz, Folk, Blues, Country, Soul, Electric Blues and Rhythm and Blues (R&B) all have an influence on rock music.
Rock Music evolved from the term “Rock-n- Roll” coined in the late 1940s.

24. Typical rock instruments
Vocals
Electric Guitar
Bass Guitar
Acoustic Guitar
Drums
Piano, Key board or synthesizer

25. Rock Music classification
Rock is usually centered around a solo guitarist and/or vocalist which are part of a rock group with electric bass guitar and drums.
Rock music places a higher emphasis on musicianship than ‘pop’ music.
Rock music places a high degree of importance on live performances.
Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature
Rock music has developed number of distinct sub-genres.

26. Genres of rock music Blues Rock Pop Rock Folk Rock Alternative Rock
Classic Rock
Indie Rock
Country Rock
Punk Rock
Jazz-Rock Fusion
Hard Rock
Psychedelic Rock
And many more…

27. Origins of rock and roll music
1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey, Alan Freed, began playing R & B music for a multi-racial audience. He is credited for first popularizing the term “Rock and Roll”
Bill Haley’s song “Rock around the Clock” (1955) became the first rock and roll song to top the Billboard charts.
Use of electric guitar, distortion, and power chords was popularized during this time.

28. List of music for latin music quiz
Name of Song
Name of Artist
# on I-tunes
Sub-Genre
1. Iron Duke in the Land
Julian Whiterose #1
Calypso
2. Son de la Negra
Gaspar Vargas
Mariachi
3. ‘S Wonderful
Joao Gilberto #3
Bossa Nova
4. Mambo (Part of Tanga)
Mario Bauza #7
Mambo
5. Vamonos Pal Monte
Eddie Palmieri #4
Salsa
6. One Love
Bob Marley
Reggae
7. Vive’!
Milly Quezada
Queen of Merengue
8. Evil Ways
Carlos Santana #2
Latin Rock
9. Hot Hot Hot
Steel Drum Island
Steel Drum/ Caribbean

29. Sub-genres of Caribbean and latin american
Bacharta
Punta and Punta rock
Baithak Gana
Rasin
Bolero
Reggae and Reggaeton
Calypso
Salsa
Chutney (Soca)
Soca and Son
Compas
Timba
Dance Hall
Zouk
Mambo
Merengue/Meringue

30. Sub-genres of brazilian
Axe’
Funk Carioca
Bossa Nova
Lambada
Brazilian Rock
Maracatu
Brega
Samba
Choro
And Many More
Forro’
Frevo

31. Other latin sub-genres include:
Cumbia
Ranchera
Huayno
Tejano
Nortena
Chicha
Criolla
Mariachi

32. List of music for musicals quiz
Song Title (Artist)
Musical (Year)
Number on I-Tunes
Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin’ (Alfred Drake)
Oklahoma! (1943) #3
I Feel Pretty (Julie Andrews)
Westside Story (1957) #2
Bring Him Home (Original London Cast)
Les Miserables (1985) #4
All I Ask of You (Original London Cast)
The Phantom of the Opera (1986)
Popular (Kristen Chenoweth)
Wicked (2003) #5
Circle of Life (Original Broadway Cast)
The Lion King (1997)
My Favorite Things (Julie Andrews)
The Sound of Music (1959) #1
If I Were Rich Man (Zero Mostel)
Fiddler on the Roof (1964)
Tomorrow (Andrea McArdle)
Annie (1977) #7

33. Musicals we may watch The Sound of Music (my VHS)
Singing in the Rain (my VHS)
Annie (my DVD)
Oliver (VHS from library)
Lion King (my DVD)
Portions of musicals on the quiz from YouTube

34. History of musical theater (musicals)
Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.
Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music.
Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.

35. Modern Western musical theatre established structural elements using the works of Gilbert and Sullivan in Britain and Harrigan and Hart in America.
These were followed by the numerous Edwardian musical comedies and the musical theatre works of American creators like George M. Cohan.
The Princess Theatre musicals and other smart shows like Of Thee I Sing (1931) were artistic steps forward beyond revues and other frothy entertainments of the early 20th century.

36. Some of the most famous and iconic musicals through the decades that followed include West Side Story (1957), The Fantasticks (1960), Hair (1967), A Chorus Line (1975), Les Misérables (1985), The Phantom of the Opera (1986), Rent (1996), The Producers (2001), Wicked (2003) and Hamilton (2015).
Musicals are performed around the world. They may be presented in large venues, such as big-budget Broadway or West End productions in New York City or London.

37. Musicals may be staged in smaller fringe theatre, Off-Broadway or regional theatre productions, or on tour.
Musicals are often presented by amateur and school groups in churches, schools and other performance spaces. (even here at Portola)
In addition to the United States and Britain, there are vibrant musical theatre scenes in continental Europe, Asia, Australasia, Canada and Latin America.

38. Early history of musical theatre
The antecedents of musical theatre in Europe can be traced back to the theatre of ancient Greece, where music and dance were included in stage comedies and tragedies during the 5th century BCE.
The music from the ancient forms is lost, however, and they had little influence on later development of musical theatre.
In the 12th and 13th centuries, religious dramas taught the liturgy. Groups of actors would use outdoor Pageant wagons (stages on wheels) to tell each part of the story. Poetic forms sometimes alternated with the prose dialogues, and liturgical chants gave way to new melodies.

39. The European Renaissance saw older forms evolve into two antecedents of musical theatre: commedia dell'arte, where raucous clowns improvised familiar stories, and later, opera buffa.
In England, Elizabethan and Jacobean plays frequently included music, and short musical plays began to be included in an evenings' dramatic entertainments.
Court masques developed during the Tudor period that involved music, dancing, singing and acting, often with expensive costumes and a complex stage design.

40. These developed into sung plays that are recognizable as English operas, the first usually being thought of as The Siege of Rhodes (1656).
In France, meanwhile, Molière turned several of his farcical comedies into musical entertainments with songs (music provided by Jean Baptiste Lully) and dance in the late 17th century. These influenced a brief period of English opera by composers such as John Blow and Henry Purcell.
From the 18th century, the most popular forms of musical theatre in Britain were ballad operas, like John Gay's The Beggar's Opera, that included lyrics written to the tunes of popular songs of the day (often spoofing opera).

41. Electronic music
Definition: music that uses electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology.
Purely electronic sound production can be achieved by using devices such as: the theremin, a sound synthesizer, and a computer or hand-held device.

42. electronic music continued…
Origins: Electronic music has it’s origins in the late 19th century and earth 20th century. People called the Futurists. Book called Sketch of a New Esthetic of Music.
Electronic music began to develop in the 1940s and 1950s with musical styles such as: electroacoustic tape music and musique concrete.

43. Electronic music continued…
Live Electronics developed in the 1960s and 1970s in both America and Europe.
By the 1970s the “Mini-Moog” became the most widely used synthesizer.
Electronic music was becoming more popular because of the advent of affordable music technology.

44. Electronic music continued…
Music sequencers and drum machines began being used in the mid-20th century.
An example of an album using computer based technology in conjunction with a synthesizer is from 1978 by Yellow Magic Orchestra.
An example of an album using a rhythm drum machine is Osamu Kitajima’s “Benzaiten”

45. Electronic music continued…
In 1980, Roland Corp released the TR-808, one of the first popular programmable drum machines.
MIDI: Short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface allows electronic musical instruments, computers, and other related musical devices to connect and communicate with one another.
In 1975 Yamaha licensed the algorithms for FM Synthesis from John Chowning (Stanford University)

46. Electronic music continued…
Though Yamaha started the work, they didn’t release their synthesizer until 1980.
An Australian company, Fairlight, beat them to it in 1979 by releasing the first commercial digital synthesizer.

47. Electronic music
In the late 1980s dance music records using only electronic instruments became increasingly popular.
The trend has continued to present day with modern nightclubs world wide playing electronic dance music.