1. Unit 7 Study Guide

2. 1. What does the term, “ratify” mean?
To approve

3. 2. List the 4 Representatives from SC attended the Constitutional Convention
Charles Pinckney
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Pierce Butler
John Rutledge

4. 3. List and describe the 3 branches of government.
Executive Branch- The President (enforces laws)
Legislative Branch- Congress (makes laws)
Judicial Branch- Supreme Court (interprets laws)

5. 4. What representative from SC was made President of the Continental Congress?
Henry Laurens

6. 5. Charles Pinckney is credited with contributing 43 words and ideas to what document?
The US Constitution

7. 6. Explain what a Federalist is.
Supports the Constitution-wants a strong national government

8. 7. Why were the Articles of Confederation considered a weak document?
Created a weak national government
Gave too much power to the states

9. 8. Why did South Carolina want slaves to be counted as part of their population?
To increase their number of representatives in Congress

10. 9. Why did Anti-Federalists fear the US Constitution?
Felt it gave too much power to the federal government

11. 10. Why was Columbia chosen as the new capital for South Carolina?
It was located in the middle of the state

12. 11. How does the south’s reliance on cash crops influence their position on legislative representation?
Want to include slaves because much of their population is composed of slaves who provide the labor for their agricultural based economy

13. 12. Explain why both the Upcountry and the Lowcountry felt they were entitled to more representation in the legislative branch of SC’s government?
Lowcountry- paid more in taxes
Upcountry- had a larger population

14. 13. Explain how the cotton gin was able to unite the Lowcountry and the Upcountry following the American Revolution.
Both now relied on the use of slave labor

15. 14. What position did the Upcountry take concerning ratification of the U.S. Constitution? Lowcountry?
Upcountry: Anti-Federalists
Lowcountry: Federalists

16. 15. List and Describe the 7 basic principles of the government under the US Constitution.
Popular Sovereignty
The authority for government flows from the people
Individual Rights
Unalienable rights are guaranteed to all citizens in the Preamble and the Bill of Rights
Federalism
The federal system divides governmental powers between national government and the government of the states
Separation of Powers
Structure of National Government established 3 separate branches
Checks and Balances
Each branch can check the power of the other
Limited Government
Powers of the Government are restricted by the Constitution
Representative Democracy
The Constitution recognizes that the authority of the government derives from “We the People”
Voters hold the power to elect representatives to exercise power for them
State Government
Most state governments mirror the organization of the national government

17. 16. What is nationalism?
Surge of pride in one’s country

18. 17. Explain what happened to nationalism in the US following the War of 1812.
It increased

19. 18. What were the three main causes of the War of 1812?
Impressment
Calhoun elected to Congress
British encouraged Native Americans to attack the US

20. 19. What was John C. Calhoun’s role in starting the War of 1812
19. What was John C. Calhoun’s role in starting the War of 1812? What term was used to describe him?
He was a War Hawk

21. 20. What happened to the Federalist Party following the War of 1812?
It was no longer in existence

22. 21. What was the XYZ Affair?
When France insulted/tried to bribe American ambassadors

23. 22. What South Carolinian is most closely associated with the XYZ Affair?
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney

24. 23. What was the alien and sedition act
23. What was the alien and sedition act? What political party created the act? Why?
The act limits what you can say about the government and allows the President the right to expel foreign citizens who were believed to be involved in any plots against the government
Democratic-Republicans

25. 24. List the 4 main parts of Hamilton’s plan for the US following the ratification of the US Constitution?
Federal Gov’t would pay the nation’s war debt
The US should pay back the states’ war debt
Create a national bank
A high protective tariff

26. 25. What did Hamilton’s economic plan hope to create for the US?
To strengthen the national government

27. 26. What was the purpose of the National Bank?
To issue bank notes and collect taxes

28. -Elected by the Lower House
27. Draw a chart showing SC’s first constitution following the American Revolution
President
- Can veto laws
-Elected by the legislatures
Lower House
-Elected by the people
Upper House
-Elected by the Lower House

29. You should have this handout in your notebook!
Issue
Hamilton’s View
Jefferson’s View
Strength of Government
Creation of a National Bank
Protective Tariff
Excise Tax
Support for the French Revolution
War between Britain and France
Interpreting the Constitution
Resulting Political Parties