1. Oleg Pavlovsky (ITPM MSU)
Critical charge in Graphene: from heavy ion collision to DNA sequencing
Oleg Pavlovsky (ITPM MSU)

2. Publications

3. Why Graphene 1) Electric properties: semi-metal
(electronic excitations are
quasi-relativistic massless
fermions )
Strong – coupling system
3) Electric properties: very sensitive to
external influences

4. How is strong the interaction in Graphene
Speed of “electrons” in Graphene is C/300
Speed of photons – C
So… Coupling constant is
> 1 !

5. DNA sequencing
A G T C

6. DNA sequencing

7. DNA sequencing and Graphene Nanochannels Nanopores

8. Graphene Nanopore DNA Single-Molecule Detector

9. Graphene Nanopore DNA Single-Molecule Detector

10. Graphene Nanopore DNA Single-Molecule Detector

11. Graphene Nanopore DNA Single-Molecule Detector

12. Graphene Nanochannel DNA Single-Molecule Detector

13. Graphene Nanochannel DNA Single-Molecule Detector

14. Graphene Nanochannel DNA Single-Molecule Detector

15. Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?

16. Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?
Chiral fermions

17. Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?
Chiral fermions
Two dimension material

18. Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?
Chiral fermions
Two dimension material
Pseudo-relativism

19. Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?
Chiral fermions
Two dimension material
Pseudo-relativism
Strong interaction

20. Critical Charge Phenomenon
Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detector
Why is Graphene so sensitive to external conditions?
Chiral fermions
Two dimension material
Pseudo-relativism
Strong interaction
Critical Charge Phenomenon

21. Critical Charge phenomenon: qualitative approach
Historical Remark
Critical Charge phenomenon: qualitative approach
Non-relativistic particle:

22. Critical Charge phenomenon: qualitative approach
Historical Remark
Critical Charge phenomenon: qualitative approach
Relativistic particle:

23. Little more Math: Dirac equation approach
Historical Remark
Little more Math: Dirac equation approach

24. Wave function and singularity at origin
Historical Remark
Wave function and singularity at origin
Z > Zcr
Z < Zcr

25. Little more Math: Dirac equation approach
Historical Remark
Little more Math: Dirac equation approach
Zcr = 170

26. Critical charge in heavy-ion collisions

27. Critical charge in heavy-ion collisions

28. Critical charge in heavy-ion collisions

29. Critical charge in heavy-ion collisions

30. Critical charge in heavy-ion collisions

31. Critical charge in “pure” and “ideal” Graphen
Katsnelson, Levitov, Shytov ( )
Castro Nero, Pereira ( )

32. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment

33. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment

34. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment

35. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment Local Density Of States

36. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment Local Density Of States

37. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment Local Density Of States

38. Critical charge in Graphene: experiment Local Density Of States

39. Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Gapped Graphene
Violation of sub-lattices symmetry

40. Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Gapped Graphene
Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Graphene + Boron Nitride

41. Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Gapped Graphene
Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Graphene + Silicone Carbide

42. Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Gapped Graphene
Violation of sub-lattices symmetry
Graphene + Silicone Carbide

43. Critical charge in Graphene: Theory Solution of Dirac equation:

44. Role of the Terms in Hamiltonian of GrapheneeV eV

45. Critical charge in Graphene: Theory
Energy levels

46. Critical charge in Graphene: Theory
Wave functions

47. Critical charge in Graphene: Theory

48. Critical charge in Graphene: Theory

49. Critical charge in Graphene: Experiment

50. Critical charge in Graphene: Two phases

51. Critical charge in Graphene: Two phases

52. Critical charge in Graphene: Two phases

53. Conclusions Graphene has the unique electric properties:
Electron excitations are the chiral fermions
Electron excitations are the strongly interaction system
Graphene is very sensitive to external conditions: external fields, defects...
Unique electric properties of graphene give us possibility to construct
the Highly Sensitive DNA Single-Molecule Detectors
Critical Charge Phenomenon is a interdisciplinary topic: high energy physics, nuclear science, nano-physics, medicine
Computer modeling is very essential!

54. Conclusions Computer modeling is very essential!
Many interesting open problems are awaiting us in Future!