1. The Home Front Canada WW1
Internment camps
War Measures Act
Victory Bonds
Rationing
Taxes
Halifax Explosion

2. Ethnocentric Canadians
Most Canadians believed their race or group was superior
Disliked outsiders
Led to prejudice and discrimination

3. War Measures Act 1914
A Government document introduced by Prime Minister Borden to meet the demands of war
Gave the government the power to do anything necessary for “the security, defense, peace, order, and welfare of Canada”

4. War Measures Act 1914
Gave the Government power to limit freedom of Canadians
Suspended Habeas Corpus
“enemy aliens” imprisoned or deported
Censor mail
Government could now directly intervene in the economy

5. Immigrant Persecution in Canada!
Recent Immigrants from German, Austria- Hungary, Ukraine
had to carry identity cards and report to registration offices
More than 8500 held in internment camps

6. Wartime Economy Production and export of goods at record high
Natural resources in high demand
Farm production to feed the troops
Companies make huge profits
Yet Wages LOW!
Government controlled wages to keep costs down

7. War Profiteering War Profiteers:
person or organization that profits from warfare or by selling weapons and other goods to parties at war.
Government kept wages low
Easy to replace workers (women working)
Made weapons cheap
low quality supplies for soldiers

8. Honour Rationing Limits put on consumption
Introduced to help combat shortages of goods
Meatless Fridays
Fuel-less Sundays
Less sugar/Less Fat

9. Victory Bonds
Canadians encouraged to buy government Bonds to aid war effort
Raised over 2 billion in Canada
Cash in Bonds after war?

10. New Taxes Introduced 1917 Income Tax Supposed to be temporary
Individuals and families had to pay between 1 and 15%
Corporate Tax
Charged businesses 4% of revenues
Many Canadian thought this was too low

11. Halifax Explosion 1917
Halifax Harbour was the chief departure point for Canadian soldiers and supplies
Dec the SS Mont Blanc accidently hit by another ship
Carried 2500 tons of explosives
Explosion devastated Halifax
2000 dead 9000 injured

12. Demand for Labour During War
Increased industrial and agricultural production created a demand for Labour
Women Hired for :
Farming
War artillery factories
Industrial factories
Fishing
Traditional male jobs

14. Women on the Western Front
More than women served during WWI
Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps
Red Cross workers
Duties:
Hospitals
Battlefields
Ambulance Drivers

15. Women’s Suffrage
Many Women believed that their war efforts earned them a voice in politics
Manitoba 1916
Alberta, Saskatchewan
BC, Ontario 1917
1918 Federal Vote
**Excluding Aboriginal and Immigrant women

16. Conscription and The Vote
One major reason women got the vote was Conscription
The country needed support for the war and the 1917 election
Government Knew women would support the war
Wanted support for husbands overseas

17. Aboriginal War Effort 4000 Volunteered Gave money
Volunteered for service
Served as snipers or reconnaissance scouts, some of the most hazardous roles in the military.
Served in support units in the CEF, including railway troops, tunneling companies and forestry units.
4000 Volunteered
Despite discouragement to enlist