1. Preventing Substance Abuse

4. *PERCENTAGE OF STUDENTS REPORTING PAST- MONTH USE
ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE USE RESEARCH *NIDA NOTES, Vol 22, Number 4
*PERCENTAGE OF STUDENTS REPORTING PAST- MONTH USE
Any illicit drug
All grades
8th grade
10th grade
12th grade
Cigarettes
All grades
8th grade
10th grade
12th grade
Marijuana
All grades
8th grade
10th grade
12th grade
Alcohol
All grades
8th grade
10th grade
12th grade

5. DRUGS AND THE MEDIA Prime-Time Drug Prevention Programming
Congress approved $1 billion for anti-drug advertising at reduced rates (1997)
Struck deal to incorporate drug prevention messages in program content

7. DEFINING GOALS AND EVALUATING OUTCOMES
The Goal Is to Educate You:
To make better personal decisions
To understand drug use by others
To participate in social decisions

8. DEFINING GOALS AND EVALUATING OUTCOMES
The Evaluation
Should success be measured by:
Altering a person’s drug behavior?
Determining how much a person knows about drugs?
Knowledge
Perception of harm
Usage behaviors

9. Primary Prevention - Universal
TYPES OF PREVENTION
Primary Prevention - Universal
Aimed at people who have not tried substances
Might encourage complete abstinence
Some danger of creating curiosity

10. Secondary Prevention - Selective
TYPES OF PREVENTION
Secondary Prevention - Selective
Aimed at those who have tried the drug
Urges avoiding more dangerous substances
Urges avoiding more dangerous forms of the same substance

11. Tertiary Prevention - Indicated
TYPES OF PREVENTION
Tertiary Prevention - Indicated
Relapse prevention
Follow-up programs

12. What about Harm Reduction models?
TYPES OF PREVENTION
What about Harm Reduction models?

13. PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE SCHOOLS
The Knowledge-Attitudes-Behavior Model
Affective Education
Values clarification
Alternatives to drugs
Personal and social skills – developing interpersonal competence as buffer to drug use

14. PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE SCHOOLS
Drug-Free Schools
Government sponsored program in 1986
Did not recommend specific curriculum
Suggested school policies on drug and alcohol use
Peer Counseling
Uses respected students
These students given specialized training

15. PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE SCHOOLS
Development of the Social Influence Model
Public commitment
Countering advertising
Normative education
Use of teen leaders

16. PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE SCHOOLS
Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE)
Joint Los Angeles Police Department and school district
Uniformed officers took message to fifth- and sixth-graders
Expanded nationally

17. PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE SCHOOLS
Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE)
Projects that work
Several programs patterned after DARE
Project ALERT
The Life Skills Training Program
ATLAS

18. PEERS, PARENTS, AND THE COMMUNITY
Peer Programs
Peer influence
Peer participation
Parent and Family Programs
Informational programs
Parenting skills
Parent support groups
Family interaction

19. PEERS, PARENTS, AND THE COMMUNITY
Community Programs
Traditional programs
Project STAR (Students Taught Awareness and Resistance)

20. Programs and approaches that don’t work
WHAT SHOULD WE BE DOING?
Programs and approaches that don’t work
Scare and “preachy” tactics
Simply education