1. ET5 Summer 2009

2. S6
100 S5
001 S7
111 1 1 1 1 1

4. S5
011 S3
000 S6
001 S4
110 S0
111 S7
101 S2
100 S1
010

5. S5 and S6 are “Stuck States”
On” Power Up” if the Counter enters either one of these stuck states
then it will not progress through the required count sequence.

6. = A 1 1
= B + C
1 1
= A C +

9. Thin

10. For the Diff amplifier Vout =V diff (RF/R1)
Ie R1 1K, and RF 200K

11. Voltage at P=(VS/Total R)x 54K= (0.2/90K) x54K=0.12v
0.04
0.12
0.08

12.
Increasing the reference voltage would increase the resolution ( double it ) but make the instrument less sensitive.
8 bits would require 2N-1= 28-1 =256-1 =255 comparators
As the temperature changes are gradual then speed of data manipulation is not a concern and therefore a successive approximation ADC would be appropriate.

13. Bass Cut
Treble Cut
Both of the above filters demonstrate a gain greater than unity which cannot be achieved by a passive filter.

14. Break occurs at 2KHz

15. 100K 2K
At break Xc=R
C= = = 3.18nF
2fbR x500x100x103

16. C R r

17. 0v 0v

19. +2.3v
-2.3v
Max power = Vs2/8RL=(24)2/32 = 18W

20. It must be forward biased.
A positive pulse must be applied to the gate.

21. R2 S

22. VR = 12-1.5 = 10.5v, min gate current = 5mA
R = V/I =10.5/ 5x10-3= 2.1x103 = 2.1K

26. Thyristor
Heater

27. Line regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain Vout at the required level even when the supply voltage fluctuates. Load reg is the ability of the regulator to maintain Vout at the required level even when the load current fluctuates.
decrease
decrease
Stays the same
increases

28. VlVz(1+RF/R1) = 12 (1+0) = 12v
Vl = 12( ) = 18 v
But as the power supply can only supply a voltage of 15v then the max output voltage is 15v ie the op-amp saturates