Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Neo-Freudians The NEW Freudians Those that broke from or improved on Freud while retaining the psychodynamic aspect, especially the focus that motivation is the source of energy for the personality Carl Jung Alfred Adler Erik Erikson Karen Horney Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Conscious - Unconscious
Carl Jung Saw the personality as a balance between opposing pairs of tendencies or dispositions. Believed most people favored one of the pair. Extravert - Introvert Conscious - Unconscious Rational – Irrational Thinking - Feeling Intuition - Sensation Good - Bad Masculine – Feminine Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

High Low Androgynous Masculine High Feminine Undifferentiated Low
Affectionate, Gentle, Sensitive Traditional Feminine Roles Gender & the Androgenous Personality High Low Androgynous Masculine High Ambitious, Self-Reliant, Assertive Traditional Male Roles Feminine Undifferentiated Low

Jung divided the psyche into three parts
1. Ego- the conscious mind 2. Personal Unconscious- includes Freud’s idea of pre and unconscious, but there are no drives (eros, thanatos) 3. The Collective Unconscious- the reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind of knowledge we are all born with. Includes archetypes Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Archetypes Magician Mother Earth Jester Hero Devil Warrior
Savior Queen Wizard Angel Teacher A model of a person, personality, or behavior. A generic version of a personality. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Donald E. Brown’s book: Human Universals
Marriage Music Rape Materialism Personal names Laws Meal times Customary greetings Toys Daily routines Dance Play Beliefs about death Magic Gift giving Incest taboo Rites of passage Rituals Childhood fear of strangers Tabooed foods Jokes Judging others Body adornment Childbirth customs Cooperative labor Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Karen Horney (horn-eye) A Feminist Voice in Psychodynamic Psychology
The personality is driven by defense against anxiety Thought Freud was sexist, didn’t believe in penis envy and spoke for women!

1. The Neurotic Need for Affection and Approval This needs include the desires to be liked, to please other people, and meet the expectations of others. People with this type of need are extremely sensitive to rejection and criticism and fear the anger or hostility of others. 2. The Neurotic Need for a Partner Who Will Take Over One’s Life These involve the need to be centered on a partner. People with this need suffer extreme fear of being abandoned by their partner. Oftentimes, these individuals place an exaggerated importance on love and believe that having a partner will resolve all of life’s troubles. 3. The Neurotic Need to Restrict One’s Life Within Narrow Borders Individuals with this need prefer to remain inconspicuous and unnoticed. They are undemanding and content with little. They avoid wishing for material things, often making their own needs secondary and undervaluing their own talents and abilities.

4. The Neurotic Need for Power Individuals with this need seek power for its own sake. They usually praise strength, despise weakness, and will exploit or dominate other people. These people fear personal limitations, helplessness, and uncontrollable situations. 5. The Neurotic Need to Exploit Others These individuals view others in terms of what can be gained through association with them. People with this need generally pride themselves in their ability to exploit other people and are often focused on manipulating others to obtain desired objectives, including such things as ideas, power, money, or sex.

6. The Neurotic Need for Prestige Individuals with a need for prestige value themselves in terms of public recognition and acclaim. Material possessions, personality characteristics, professional accomplishments, and loved ones are evaluated based upon prestige value. These individuals often fear public embarrassment and loss of social status. 7. The Neurotic Need for Personal Admiration Individuals with a neurotic need for personal admiration are narcissistic and have an exaggerated self-perception. They want to be admired based on this imagined self-view, not upon how they really are.

8. The Neurotic Need for Personal Achievement
According to Horney, people push themselves to achieve greater and greater things as a result of basic insecurity. These individuals fear failure and feel a constant need to accomplish more than other people and to top even their own earlier successes. 9. The Neurotic Need for Self-Sufficiency and Independence These individuals exhibit a “loner” mentality, distancing themselves from others in order to avoid being tied down or dependent upon other people. 10. The Neurotic Need for Perfection and Unassailability These individuals constantly strive for complete infallibility. A common feature of this neurotic need is searching for personal flaws in order to quickly change or cover up these perceived imperfections.

Alfred Adler Proposed theories dealing with birth order and lifestyles His views have been called individual psychology b/c he focuses on personality of people as an indivisible unit (there are lots of pieces of personality) Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Birth Order

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