1. A. Introduction
Humans are the most complex organisms on Earth. Our bodies are composed of trillions of _________, the smallest unit of life. These cells work together to form ______________.
Cells
Tissues

2. There are 4 types of tissues in the human body:
body surfaces
Epithelial Tissue – Covers ______________; lines ________________. May contain _________ for secretions or cells with _____.
Examples includes glands, blood vessels, skin.
Connective Tissue – Is the most ________________ tissue in the body. Used as ________________ and for ____________________________. Contains a network of non-living material called a _____________.
Examples include bone, blood.
Organs & vessels
glands
cilia
abundant
connectors
support, transport, storage
matrix

3. There are 4 types of tissues in the human body:
3. Muscle Tissue – Able to generate __________signals that create _______ and _____________.
Nerve Tissue – Specialized to generate and _______________ electrical signals to ____________________.
These tissues work together as ________, which work together as ________________.
electrical
force
movement
transmit
transfer information
organs
organ systems

5. II. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
The integumentary system is composed of the ______ and its accessory structures, including _____, _______, and the ________ found in the skin. The skin is the ________ organ of the human body.
skin
hair
nails
glands
largest

6. A. Function Protection – Provides a _______________________
____________________________.
Sensory Information
Regulation of Body Temperature
Vitamin Production – The skin produces Vitamin ___ when exposed to __________ which is important for _________________.
barrier against pathogens,
UV light, dehydration
sunlight D
strong bones

7. B. Structure – The skin is composed of 3 layers:
1. Epidermis – Outermost layer of skin composed of __________ tissue. There are two parts to the epidermis: a. Basal Layer – Contains cells that are actively going through ________. As new cells are produced, older cells are _______________________. These cells produce keratin, a __________________. There are also cells in the basal layer called melanocytes which produce _________ , a ___________ pigment that protects the skin from _________.
epithelial
mitosis
pushed toward surface
waterproof protein
melanin
dark brown
UV light

8. b. Outer Layer – As the epidermal cells get pushed away from blood vessels, they _______, so the outermost epidermal layer consists of ______ cells filled with ________ that are eventually ________________.
die
dead
keratin
sloughed off

9. 2. Dermis – Inner, thicker layer of skin composed of ___________ tissue. Contains a ___________ of ________ for strength and ________ for elasticity. Structures found in the dermis include:
Blood vessels – Provide ____ and _________ to cells; remove _____. Also help to maintain a constant body temperature. Heat can be conserved when blood vessels near the surface of the skin _________, or heat can be released when blood vessels _______.
b. Hair follicles - _________occurs in follicle to produce hair. Hair consists of _____ cells filled with _________. Small, ________ muscles are attached to each follicle that __________ to pull hairs upright when stimulated by __________
connective
matrix
collagen
elastin O2
glucose
CO2
constrict
dilate
Mitosis
dead
keratin
smooth
contract
cold, fear

10. c. Nail follicles – Produced in same manner as hair
c. Nail follicles – Produced in same manner as hair. Purpose of nails is to ________ fingertips and toetips. d. Sensory receptors - Transmit information to the ______ and ___________. e. Glands – There are two types of glands located in the dermis: 1) Oil – Produce oil to _____________ 2) Sweat - ___________ of the perspiration produced by these glands requires energy in the form of _____, which is drawn from the skin and results in cooling.
protect
brain
spinal cord
lubricate skin
Evaporation
heat

11. 3. Hypodermis - ___________ tissue specialized to store ___.
Connective
3. Hypodermis - ___________ tissue specialized to store ___.
fat