1. Proteins & Enzymes

2. What are proteins?
Proteins are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen
C, H, O, N
Skin, muscles, catalysts

3. Protein monomers (building blocks)
Proteins are made from amino acids
There are 20 different amino acids

4. Amino Acid Structure
The “R” group is what makes the amino acids different
Different amino acids have different SHAPES and FUNCTIONS

5. Protein Condensation
Condensation is adding two or more amino acids together.
The result is a DIPEPTIDE & WATER

6. Peptide Bonds The C-N bond is called a peptide bond
Peptide bonds are created during condensation reactions

7. Polypeptides
3 or more amino acids
Usually long chains

8. Proteins
1 or more polypeptides make up a PROTEIN

9. Enzymes Enzymes are organic molecules (proteins) that are catalysts
This means they speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy
The energy needed for a reaction to take place

10. Enzymes & Substrate
Enzymes have an activation site that a substrate binds to
The reaction occurs, and the new products are released from the enzyme

11. More abt Enzymes
Enzymes are unchanged, so they can be used multiple times
Enzyme activity depends on many factors pH
Temperature
Both of these DENATURE protein
They change their shapes so they do not work!