2. Selection tools Move Tool:
The move tool moves an entire layer at a time. When you have selected this tool, click on a layer in the layer pane, and then click and drag on the image.
Rectangular Marquee(M):
This is the default selection setting. You can make a selection of any rectangular size and shape.
Elliptical Marquee Tool(M):
This tool, available when you click and hold down on the selection tool region of the tool bar, selects elliptical spaces. To select a round area, hold the shift key while clicking and dragging.
Single row:
This tool will select a 1pixel region that is as wide as your image. Very useful for trimming edges and making straight lines.
Single column:
The tool will select a 1pixel region that is as tall as your image. Also very useful for trimming edges and making straight lines.

3. Lasso Tool(L):
Allows you to draw a selection by dragging the cursor freehand. The selection will close itself.
Polygon Lasso Tool(L):
Creates a selection composed of straight lines that can be as short as one pixel. The selection grows with each additional click.
Magnetic Polygon Lasso Tool(L):
Works a little like a combination of the other two lasso tool. As you drag, the selection maps to natural borders in the image.
Magic Wand Tool(W):
The magic wand tool is similar to the magnetic polygon lasso tool except that rather than dragging to make a selection, you click in a region and a selection appears around similar colored pixels.
Quick Selection Tool(W):
Works more like a brush, allowing us to select areas simply by painting over them.

4. Crop & Slice tools Crop Tool(C):
Cuts out a defined area deleting or hiding the rest of an image
Perspective Crop(C):
Used to crop and correct the converging verticals or horizontal lines in a picture with a single crop action.
Slice Tool(C):
The slice tool allows you to create multiple images from one image or a layers Photoshop file.
Slice Select Tool(C):
Selects, moves, and resizes slices

5. Measuring Tools Eyedropper(I):
Used to sample pixel colour values from any open image window and make the sampled colour the new foreground color.
3D Material Eyedropper(I):
Loads selected material from a 3D object.
Colour Sampler(I):
Creates persistent pixel value readouts that are displayed in the Info panel and is capable of displaying up to four colour sample point readouts in an image.
Ruler Tool(I):
Measure distances and angles in an image
Note Tool(I):
Add text notes to a file in Photoshop
Count(I):
Main use is in areas such as scientific and medical imaging, where it is useful for recording the number of items that appear in a particular image.

6. Retouching Tools Spot Healing Brush(J):
Used to clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area.
Healing Brush(J):
Clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area.
Patch Tool(J):
Operates in a lasso selection mode that can be used to define the area to patch from or patch to.
Content Aware Tool:
Allows you to either extend a selected area or move it and fill the initial selected area.
Red Eye Tool(J):
Red eye in portraits is caused when the flash source is used too close to the lens axis and the pupils of the eye are wide open, the red eye tool gets rid of that.

7. Clone Stamp(S):
Used to sample pixels from one part of the image to paint in another.
Pattern Stamp(S):
Eraser Tool(E):
Behaves in two ways depending on whether it is being used on the background or a layer.
Background Eraser Tool(E):
Erases the pixels based on the pixel colors sampled by the tool.
Magic Eraser Tool(E):
Used to erase neighboring or ‘similar’ pixels, based on the pixel color value where you click.
Blur Tool:
Can be used to apply localized blurring to a photo, soften portions of an image, or smooth over-sharp edges in an image or alpha channel mask.

8. Sharpen:
You to apply localized sharpening effects to an image.
Smudge:
Used to smear pixels the same way as one might mix paints together.
Dodge(O):
The dodge and burn tools in Photoshop offer you a limited amount of dodge and burn control, although these tools are not really suitable for working with large areas of an image.
Burn(O):
Sponge(O):
Paint in localized adjustments that will modify the saturation of an image.

9. Painting Tools Brush(B):
Used with a range of brush sizes from a single hard edged pixel up to a large, 5,000 pixel wide soft edged brush
Pencil(B):
Used to produce hard edged, anti-aliased, pencil-like drawing lines.
Colour Replacement(B):
Sample a color you wish to color with and paint over the area of the image you wish to colorize.
Mixer Brush(Y):
You to paint more realistically in Photoshop.
History Brush(Y):
Enables you to store multiple image states as you progress through a Photoshop session and work on an individual image.

10. Art History Brush(Y):
Brush samples from a history state, but the art history brush strokes can be applied using abstract characteristics that smudge the pixels when sampling from the selected history state.
Gradient(G):
Used to draw linear, radial, angular, reflected or diamond gradients.
Paint Bucket(G):
Use the paint bucket to quickly fill the inside areas of a mask or quick mask outline.
3D Material Drop:
A material to load it and then click anywhere to drop it to another part of your model, another 3D mesh, or another 3D layer

11. Drawing & Type Tools Pen(P):
Defines the outline of an object. You can then convert the pen path into a selection to be used the same way as you would with any other selection.
Freeform Pen(P):
Automatically evens out the rough edges as you draw an outline in order to produce a pen path that uses as few anchor points as possible.
Add Anchor Point:
Use it to click on a path segment to add a new anchor point to a path.
Delete Anchor Point:
Use it to click on an existing anchor point to delete it.
Convert Point:
Allows you to convert an anchor point from a corner point to a smooth point and vice versa.

12. Horizontal Type(T):
Horizontal type tool adds text horizontally
Vertical Type(T):
Vertical type tool adds text vertically
Horizontal Type Mask(T):
Creates a selection outline
Vertical Type Mask(T):
Create a selection outline vertically
Path Selection(A):
Used to select an entire path or sub path.
Direct Selection(A):
Used to select individual anchor points on an entire path or sub path.
Rectangle Shape Tool(U):
Add graphic shapes in the form of a filled layer with a vector mask, a solid fill, or as a path outline

13. Rounded Rectangle(U):
Helps you create a rounded rectangle graphic shape in the form of a filled layer with a vector mask, a solid fill, or as a path outline 
Ellipse(U):
Helps you create an ellipse graphic shape in the form of a filled layer with a vector mask, a solid fill, or as a path outline 
Polygon(U):
Helps you create a polygon graphic shape in the form of a filled layer with a vector mask, a solid fill, or as a path outline 
Line(U):
Creates a line shape layer in the form of a filled layer with a vector mask, a solid fill, or as a path outline 
Custom Shape(U):
Helps you import custom shapes from vector graphics, such as a regularly used company logo, and store these as Shape presets using the Shape Picker menu in the custom shape tool options panel

14. Navigation Tools Hand Tool(H):
Allows you to navigate around an image drag to scroll the contents of the image
Rotate View Tool(R):
Allows you to rotate the Photoshop image canvas
Zoom Tool(Z):
To zoom in on an image, either click with the zoom tool to magnify, or drag with the zoom tool, marqueeing the area you wish to zoom in to