1. Date: January 26th, 2017
Aim #44: What are some applications of genetic engineering?
HW:
Daily Review of Class Notes
Biotechnology Textbook Homework due Wednesday 2/1
Quarter ends Friday! Please submit late labs no later than Friday 1/27!
Do Now: Define the following terms:
Gene splicing
Genetic engineering
Recombinant DNA
Restriction enzymes

2. Aim #44: What are some applications of Genetic Engineering?
Genetic Engineering is a process that is
used to the alter the genetic instructions
in organisms.

3. Genetic Engineering Review:
Scientists can target and
identify a gene.
Cut the desired gene with restriction enzymes.

4. Genetic Engineering Review:
The gene is combined with
the DNA of another organism.
DNA from
Organism 2
This process is called:
DNA from
Organism 1
GENE SPLICING
The combined DNA is called:
Cell of an
organism
Recombinant DNA
The recombinant DNA
is inserted into the cell
of another organism.

5. What is the end result? A genetically engineered organism
Recombinant DNA
Cell of an
organism

6. 1) Applications of Genetic Engineering:
Scientists genetically
alter the DNA of bacteria
to produce human proteins.
How many pieces of
bacterial DNA
do you see? 2
What are they called?
Chromosome and a Plasmid

7. 2) Bacterial Chromosome vs. Human ChromosomeX

8. 3) Bacteria also have PLASMIDS
Plasmids are small, circular
DNA molecules that are
found in some bacteria.
Scientists alter the genetic
instructions found in the
Plasmids.

9. 4) How can we alter the genetic material of bacteria to produce human insulin?
Step 1:
DNA is removed from a human cell and insulin gene
is cut with Restriction Enzymes.

10. How can we alter the genetic material of bacteria to produce human insulin?
Step 2:
Plasmid is removed from a bacterial cell and is cut with
The SAME Restriction Enzymes.

11. How can we alter the genetic material of bacteria to produce human insulin?
Step 3:
Insulin Gene and Bacterial Plasmid are _______
together to form ______________________
Spliced
Recombinant
DNA.

12. How can we alter the genetic material of bacteria to produce human insulin?
Step 4:
Recombinant DNA is inserted into a bacterial cell.

13. How can we alter the genetic material of bacteria to produce human insulin?
Step 5:
Bacteria undergo __________ reproduction and are
capable of producing the protein insulin.
Asexual

14. 5) Scientists can also genetically alter foods:
Genetically modified
foods can be engineered
to produce natural
pesticides.

15. Scientists can also genetically alter foods:
Genetically modified foods
can be engineered to
increase their content of
vitamins.