1. Grammar 1

2. Objectives Enabling students To understand the concept of Grammar
To identify the kinds of sentences
To analyse sentence in terms of subject and predicate
To understand phrases and clauses , and
To identify different kinds of phrases and clauses.

3. Grammar
Definition
“The rules that say how words are combined, arranged and changed to show different meanings.” ( Michal Swan)
2. “The rules in a language for changing the form of words and combining them into sentences.”
( Oxford Dictionary)

4. The Sentence When we speak or write we use words. A group
of words which gives a complete sense is called
a Sentence.
Ali plays football daily.
Where do you live?
Please give me a pen.

5. Kinds of Sentences 1. A sentence that makes a statement or assertion
is called a Declarative or assertive sentence.
Ali plays football daily.
2. A sentence that asks a question is called an
Interrogative sentence.
Where do you live?

6. Kinds of Sentences 3. A sentence that expresses a command, a piece of
Advice, suggestion or request is called an imperative
sentence.
Please give me a pen.
Get out from my office.
4. A sentence that expresses strong feelings or sudden
emotions is called an exclamatory sentence.
What a pleasant surprise!
Hurrah, We have won the competition !

7. Kinds of Sentences
5. A sentence that expresses strong wish or
pray for someone is called an optative
sentence.
May you live long !
Would that I were a king.

8. Worksheet

9. Subject And Predicate 1. The part which names the person or thing we
are speaking about. This is called the Subject of
the sentence.
2. The part which tells something about the
Subject. This is called the Predicate of the
sentence.

10. Subject And Predicate Ali eats an apple daily. eats an apple daily.

11. Worksheet

12. Phrase
A group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase.
Examples:
The sun rises in the east.
It was a sunset of great beauty.
The cat sat on a wall.

13. Clause
A group of words which forms part of sentence and contains a Subject and a Predicate is called a Clause.
Examples:
We can not start while it is raining.
He has a chain which is made of gold.

14. Adjective phrases Adverb phrases Noun phrases
Kinds of Phrases
Adjective phrases
Adverb phrases
Noun phrases

15. An Adjective phrase is a group of words
that does the work of an Adjective.
He was a man of great wealth.(Wealthy)
I like to see a face with a smile on it. (smiling face)
I saw a boy with blue eyes. (blue-eyed boy)

16. Worksheet

17. An Adverb phrase is a group of words that does the work of an Adverb.
Rama ran with great speed. (How?)
He is coming at this very moment.(When?)
You can buy it in all places.(Where?)

18. Worksheet

19. 3. Noun Phrase
A noun phrase is a group of words that
does the work of a noun.
The boy wants to go to home.
I hope to win the first prize.
We enjoyed playing games.
I don’t expect bad manners.

20. Worksheet

21. Adverb Clause Adjective Clause Noun Clause
Kinds of Clauses
Adverb Clause
Adjective Clause
Noun Clause

22. 1. Adverb Clause An Adverb Clause is a group of words which
contains a Subject and a Predicate of its own,
and does the work of an adverb clause.
They rested at sunset.
(Phrase)
They rested when evening came.
(Clause)

23. Worksheet

24. 2. Adjective Clause An Adjective Clause is a group of words
Which contains a Subject and a Predicate of
its own, and does the work of an adjective.
The umbrella with a broken handle is mine. (Phrase)
The umbrella which has a broken handle is mine. ( Clause)

25. Worksheet

26. 3. Noun Clause A Noun Clause is a group of words which
contains a Subject and a Predicate of its own,
and does the work of a noun.
I expect to get a prize. ( phrase)
I expect that I shall get a prize. (Clause)

27. Worksheet

28. Thank you☺