1. Catching Blazars in their ordinary life
INTEGRAL Blazars
Catching Blazars in their ordinary life
De Rosa, S. Gianni’, L. Bassani, P. Ubertini
On behalf of the INTEGRAL AGN survey team

2. A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop 29 Sept 2009
Outline
Hard X-rays selected Blazars: ordinary vs out of ordinary life
Blazars in the INTEGRAL survey
Characterizing the X-ray spectra: broadband study
Absorption properties in RL QSOs
Finding peculiar objects: blue FSRQs/bulk Compton emission
X vs Gamma-rays properties: population study with INTEGRAL, AGILE & Fermi
The future and work in progress
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

3. Observing blazars in hard-X rays
with a photon field (SSC/EC)
Giommi 07
Blazars are extremely variable - rare
objects (<5% all AGNs) that can be
detected in hard-X (>10 keV) through
large area surveys: Because of the rarity and
low space density of blazars, "pencil beam"
surveys (..) are poorly suited for finding
blazars.. (Perlman 1998).
Two different ways
Long monitoring: average flux states
ToO pointed observation: flaring activity
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

4. Out of ordinary vs ordinary life
300 rev days
Lucky detection
Unlucky detection
Pian et al. 2006
Lucky ToO
Vercellone et al 2009
Unlucky ToO..
3c454.3
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

5. The sample source F20-40KeV F40-100keV z type
1ES HBL
RX J <0.4
SWIFT j BLlac
IGR J <0.8 BLLac
QSO B FSRQ
MKN HBL
4C FSRQ
3C FSRQ
3C FSRQ
H HBL
MKN HBL
SWIFT FSRQ
PKS J FSRQ
1RXS J FSRQ
QSO B FSRQ?
PKS FSRQ
Bl Lac BLLac
IGR J FSRQ
3C FSRQ

6. Characterising the X-ray spectra
2-10 keV observations with XMM, Chandra, XRT
We built a broadband spectrum keV for 9 sources (more are coming)
Main Results
Flattening wrt a power-law in the soft X-rays range : If due tointrinsic absorption -> Nh vs redshift evolution
Finding peculiar sources: blue quasar candidate IGR J possible bulk Compton motion in 4C 04.42
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

7. Characterising the X-ray spectra
Evidence of flattening below 2 keV (rest frame) has been found in several high-z QSO up to z=4.4 (Yuan et al. 2006)
Intrinsic curvature - absorption (cold/warm)
Clear trend NH vs z has been measured
Excess of emission has be found in very few cases (Sambruna et al. 2006, Kataoka et al. 2007, De Rosa et al. 2008)
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

8. Characterising the X-ray spectra: absorption
Page et al. 05
Ratio data/continuum power-law fit to the energy band above 2 keV (observer
frame) extrapolated over the low energy range
Statistical warning!!
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

9. Characterising the X-ray spectra: bulk Compton emission in 4C 04.42?
De Rosa et al. 2008
Kataoka et al. 2007
PRELIMINARY!
Energy Budget
BC= 2BLR/(1+z) ˜ 1 keV
LBC=4/3 c4UBLR2Ncold
˜ 1046 Ncold/Nrel,
LBC˜1045 erg/s
=> Ncold/Nrel ˜ 0.1
AGILE
10 days
Fermi
1 month
Multifrequency program: INTEGRAL & AGILE (quick look courtesy of L. Pacciani)+ public Fermi
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

10. Characterising the X-ray spectra Finding peculiar objects
Blazars spectral sequence (Fossati et. al 1998)?
FSRQs red blazars
BL Lacs
blue blazars
The peaks of the Synch & IC comp. Shifting systematically to
higher frequencies with decreasing luminosity.
Red (high luminosity) and blue (low luminosity) blazars.
Strong prediction: NO blue powerful blazar…
Synch peak?
Bassani et al. 2007
Giommi et al. 2007
A reanalysis shows that the the EC component in the SED bis well reproduced by the X-rays data.These objects are two red high luminosity blazars, in agreement with the spectral sequence
Maraschi et al. 2008
ROXA J z = A blue powerful blazar?
IGR J , z=3.668 a gamma-ray lighthouse:
a high energy peaked FSRQs?
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

11. X and Gamma-rays population
INTEGRAL
IBIS
Fermi
LBAS
AGILE
GRID
total
723
132 47
BLLac
7 (37%)
58 (56%)
4 (31%)
FSRQ
12 (63%)
42 (40%)
7 (54%)
unknown
21(AGNs?) 4 2

12. X and Gamma-rays population I. photon index distribution: IBIS & LBAS
BAT keV
FSRQs
BLlacs
Ajello et al. 09
Abdo et al. 09

13. X and Gamma-rays population I. photon index distribution
BLLacs
Following the spectral sequence, gamma and X-ray spectral ranges match different emission processes in blue and red blazars
FSRQs
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

14. X and Gamma-rays population II. Luminosity vs redshift
BLLacs
FSRQs
Abdo et al. 09
F( keV)=1.2e-11 cgs
(0.8 mCrab), Crab like spectrum
Texp=2Ms
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

15. The future and work in progress
Deep extragalactic fields will be observed in the 7th INTEGRAL AO. New sources
X-rays coverage: XMM large programme for INTEGRAL (hard-X rays selected) AGNs is actually on going, and we hope so for the near future.. AO9..?
Simultaneous observations: Gamma-rays & TeV energy ranges
Define a complete sample of hard X-rays selected blazars
Populations study: are FSRQs and BLLacs two separate classes?
Implication on CXRB in hard X-rays and MeV energy range
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009

16. Everything unexpected…
Thanks for your attention
A. De Rosa - 7th AGILE workshop Sept 2009