Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Copyright 2005 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.
Chapter 4 Operating Your Vessel...Safely Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Operating Your Vessel…Safely
Loading gear and passengers Boat Handling Courtesy on the water Casting off – docking – anchoring PWC specific safety 1 2 3 4 5 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Load Gear & Passengers Properly
Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Safe Loading Keep centered in small boats “One hand for you, one hand for the boat” Load gear from the dock Trim: engine and gear Never overload 1 2 4 5 6 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

How Boats Handle Displacement mode - The boat is fully settled in the water - A planing boat will be at “Idle Speed” 1 Boat Speed Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

How Boats Handle Plowing Mode - We’ve added power, the bow rises - The boat throws a significantly larger wake - Visibility could be temporarily compromised - Be especially mindful in marinas and around other boats 2 Boat Speed Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

How Planing Boats Handle
Planing Mode - The boat is riding on top of the bow wave - Efficiency is greatly increased 3 Boat Speed Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Power Trim Standard on most outboards and I/O - Adjusts the angle of the drive unit 1 In 2 Neutral 3 Out 4 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Power Trim Inboard Boats and larger boats will often use “Trim Tabs” to adjust the ride angle both up and down and side to side Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Maneuvering Turning Slow, controlled speed Backing Slowly, stern may veer Stopping Requires distance Slowly! Avoid stern wave 1 2 3 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Running Before Waves Requires: Throttle modulation steering control 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Running Parallel To Waves
Can cause broaching Cross wakes with care Warn passengers 1 2 3 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS Before entering an inlet make sure the channel is marked. Approach inlets with breaking waves with extreme caution. Avoid entering an unfamiliar inlet at night. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The Following Slideshow Documents an actual broaching accident and fatality Advance thru Slides, (video disabled on this computer) You will See: - The boat fall over the crest of the wave - The boat overtaken by the wave - The boat’s Captain thrown overboard - The boat continuing as a run-away unmanned and at full throttle - The crew scrambling to the bridge to take control of the run-away vessel Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The boat should be riding on the back of wave, but the captain misjudges his speed causing the boat to overtake the wave and fall over the edge Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS Crashing over the wave causes the boat to come to a stop which allows the wave to overtake the boat Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The wave rolls the boat over on its side. The captain still has hold of the steering wheel Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The boat rolled 90 degrees on its side, but does not roll over. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS As the wave passes under the boat, the boat snaps upright with a force strong enough to cause the captain to lose his grip Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The captain is thrown overboard Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS This leaves the boat unmanned at the helm and at full throttle with 1 crew member and 4 passengers in the cabin Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ENTERING INLETS The crew member scrambles to the bridge to find the captain gone, and takes control of the vessel Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Crossing a Wave Note the same type of accident as in the video can happen when a smaller vessel overtakes a larger vessel Cross a wave at a 45 degree angle Take extreme caution when passing large vessels Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

COURTESY ON THE WATER Wake is part of your boat You are responsible for damage or injuries caused by it. Observe posted signs and marks Maintain safe distance & speed Courtesy on the Water This slide seems out of place. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

COURTESY ON THE WATER Slow to idle speed when in close proximity to other boats Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

COURTESY ON THE WATER Discuss: You are on plane in a fairly narrow channel (Green Cove Springs markers 18 & 19 are barely 100 yards between the markers. This is not a slow speed zone) You see this gentleman fishing just a few yards off the channel marker on the right. What can you do? What could happen if you do nothing? Courtesy on the Water This slide seems out of place. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

HOW YOUR BOAT STEERS NEED TO KNOW TERMS PORT STARBOARD TILLER WHEEL Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

HOW YOUR BOAT STEERS BOATS WITH A WHEEL CONNECTED BY CABLES OR HYDRAULIC LINES STEERS IN DIRECTION OF TURN STERN DIRECTS BOW Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

HOW YOUR BOAT STEERS TILLER TURNS RUDDER OR OUTBOARD BOAT MOVES IN A DIRECTION OPPOSITE THE DIRECTION OF TILLER Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

DOCKING Determine direction of wind & current Deploy fenders Ready lines Proceed slowly toward dock Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

DOCKING 1 2 3 No Wind Or Current Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Wind Or Current Off Dock
1 Docking with a spring line wind or current 1 2 3 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Casting Off Wind Off Dock
1 2 3 wind or current Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Casting Off Wind On Dock
Use bow spring to move stern into wind or current wind or current 1 2 3 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Tying To Floats And Piers
1 bow line bow line 4 2 spring lines spring lines 5 stern line 3 6 stern line Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Chafing Gear Prevents Line Wear
Can be cloth, rubber, leather, or plastic Old garden hose works 1 2 chock chafing gear Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ANCHORS Select size for boat Select type for seabed Anchor design determines holding ability Anchors Even though anchors are most often used by recreational boaters to “park” their boats while swimming or fishing, anchors are also critical equipment in times of emergency. Anchoring may be a safety measure if your boat becomes disabled. The anchor you need will depend on the size and type of your boat, as well as the type of seabed and the amount of wind and current you expect to encounter. An anchor’s design strongly influences its ability to hook into the bottom, although the weight and construction materials are factors as well. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Anchor Types Lightweight (Danforth Type) Single Fluke Plow Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Anchor Types Grapnel Mushroom 1 2 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Anchoring Guidelines Know Your Scope
1 2 3 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

ANCHORING GUIDELINES Use anchor to prevent drifting Never anchor from the stern Anchoring Guidelines Since anchoring can be an emergency procedure, store the anchor and its lines in an accessible area. Practice anchoring in calm, familiar waters and use the anchor immediately to avoid drifting aground if the engine breaks down or other problems arise. Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Setting Anchor Allow “swing” room for wind & or current wind Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Setting Anchor What are the steps? Place rode on deck. Lower anchor to bottom. Slowly back away. Stop when req’d. length is deployed. 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Retrieving Anchor What are the steps? Pull in rode while moving up with power. Crew on bow points To anchor for helmsman Stop over anchor Pull up anchor. 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Operating Personal Watercraft
How are PWCs different from powered boats? 1 Steering and stopping: PWC steered by water being forced through steering nozzle at back of unit Remember you must always have power in order to maintain steering control Always allow plenty of room for stopping Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

What courtesies should PWC operators show? 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Do Not Jump Wakes Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

What are some environmental concerns? 1 Noise Fuel Leakage from tipping over Damage to Seagrass In shallow areas Wake Damage especially when going Slow. (PWCs typically make a larger wake just above idle speed) Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Other PWC Considerations
Observe state laws Always wear your PFD Inspect your watercraft frequently Keep hands and feet away from pump intake and discharge Do not exceed capacity ratings Know your limits Ride according to your ability 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Capsized PWC Know how to right the PWC properly Read the owners manual 1 2 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Capsized PWC Decals on stern show direction of rotation 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Safety Lanyards Attached to operator or PFD 1 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

MANATEES ENDANGERED SPECIES FLORIDA MANTAEE SANCTUARY ACT ESTABLISHED MANATEE PROTECTION BOAT SPEED ZONES VESSEL EXCLUSION AREA IDLE SPEED SLOW SPEED DO NOT HARASS, DISTURB, COLLIDE WITH, INJURE OR HARM MANATEES UP TO $50,000 FINE AND OR 1 YEAR IN JAIL Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

MANATEES TO REPORT MANATEE DEATHS, INJURIES, OR ORPHANED CALVES CALL THE FLORIDA FISH & WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION THIS DISTANCE IS NOW FEET FROM SHORE AS YOU MOVE FROM DOWNTOWN AREA TO SOUTH OF JULINGTON CREEK Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Chapter 4 Review Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Under normal conditions, the recommended scope of an anchor line should be approximately: 25:1 15:1 7:1 2:1 1 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises A spring line is a dock line that: has an inner core of stretchy elastic material. keeps a boat from moving ahead or astern. is only used in March, April, and May. holds the boat directly to the pier at amidships. 2 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises The correct anchor for your boat will depend not only on the size and type of your boat but on the: cost (always purchase the cheapest anchor available). size and length of your anchor rode. types of seabed and amount of wind and current you expect to encounter. location (bow or stern) from which you anchor. 3 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises You can ease the shock on both boat and crew when running into waves by slowing down and: taking the waves at an angle to the bow, not head-on. turning the boat broadside to the waves for stability. taking the waves head-on and not at an angle. instructing all passengers to stand up in the boat. 4 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Never anchor a boat from the stern alone because: waves may come over the transom and swamp the boat. the bow should always be pointing away from the wind. it is difficult to adjust the rode for proper scope. it is difficult to bring persons over the bow in an emergency. 5 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises When docking and undocking your boat it is desirable to plan the procedure in advance and: always operate your boat at cruising speed. give instructions in a loud authoritative tone so that crew will know who is in charge. approach slowly against the wind or current for more control of your boat. teach the crew how to keep the boat away from the pier using their arms and legs. 6 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Which of the following statements is true? PWCs do not disturb the ecology of the water bottom. Wake from PWCs will not contribute to shoreline erosion. Noise from PWCs never disturbs bird life. As when operating any boat, having consideration for others is most important when operation a PWC. 7 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Because of their different operating characteristics, some states consider PWCs to be a special type of boat and have special regulations for them. As a PWC owner or operator you must: carry a copy of the rules of the special PWC Rules Commission on board. know the special Navigation Rules that apply only to PWCs. follow the rules established by the National Boating Association. be aware of and abide by all laws governing the use of personal watercraft in your area. 8 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Steering a PWC involves turning a movable nozzle that directs a high pressure stream of water either right or left, turning the boat to one side or the other. It is important to know that a PWC will turn only when the: engine is turning at least 4000 rpm. jet pump is operating and pushing a stream of water. two rudders are in contact with the water. special steering pump is activated. 9 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises A PWC lanyard cut-off switch when fastened to your wrist will: keep your signal whistle where it can be found. alert you when you are running too fast. stop the engine when you fall off. remind you to always wear you life preserver. 10 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Because the Coast Guard recognizes personal watercraft as full fledged boats: operators must adhere to the same rules and regulations as large boats a PWC must show its navigation lights when used after dark. PWCs usually have priority of movement in meeting and crossing situations. PWCs are exempt from all boating rules and regulations. 11 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Review Exercises Constantly watch the wake of your boat, because: it can disturb the smooth operation of personal watercraft. your wake must never be more than three inches high. you are responsible for injuries or damage to property caused by the wake of your boat. you may see beautiful colors created by the oxidation of phosphorus in the water. 12 a b c d Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

End Chapter 4 Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Copyright Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

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