1. Roaring Twenties: American Values
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: In what ways did the 1920s witness a conflict in values? What impact did the “Harlem Renaissance” have on the African- American community in America?

2. TEKS and Objectives I will… Compare The Simpsons to Prohibition
We will… (5A) evaluate the impact of the 18th Amendment (6A) analyze the causes and effects of immigration, Social Darwinism, eugenics, race relations, nativism, the Red Scare, Prohibition, and the changing role of women (6B) analyze the impact of Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan, Marcus Garvey, and Charles Lindbergh (13A) analyze the causes and effects of the Great Migration (15C) explain how foreign policies affected immigration quotas (25A) describe how the characteristics and issues have been reflected in art, music, film, and literature (25B) describe both the positive and negative impacts of Tin Pan Alley and the Harlem Renaissance (26D) identify the political, social, and economic contributions of Frances Willard to American society
I will…
Compare The Simpsons to Prohibition

3. Prohibition Supporters Frances Willard (1839-1896)
Protestants and women’s organizations
Frances Willard ( )
President of the National Women’s Temperance Union
Advocated for women’s rights, suffrage, prison reform for women, 8-hour workday, improved working conditions
Prohibition Party (1919)
Organized by Willard
Pressured states to ratify 18th Amendment (banned alcohol)

4. Prohibition = Epic Fail
Unpopular Law
Forced one group’s moral beliefs on others
Closed bars, breweries, and distilleries put thousands out of work
Growth of lawlessness/organized crime
21st Amendment
Repealed 18th Amendment
Made alcohol legal again

5. The Scopes “Monkey Trial” of 1925
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Belief that man evolved from primates
Contradicted Biblical account of Creation
John Scopes (1925)
Biology teacher
Arrested for teaching evolution
The “Monkey Trial”
William Jennings Bryan (state prosecutor)
Clarence Darrow (Scopes’ attorney)
First to be broadcast over radio
Scopes convicted; fined $100

6. New Restrictions on Immigration
American Nativism
Anti-Catholic
Fear of admitting radicals (Red Scare)
Competition for jobs
Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, and 1929
Laws that established quotas (limit) on immigration
Higher quotas for British, Irish, and German
Lower quotas for “New Immigrants” (Eastern/Southern Europe)
Asian immigration barred

7. Eugenics Social Darwinism Eugenics Charles Davenport
Belief that human races engage in survival of the fittest
Americans believed Anglo- Saxon “race” (blond-haired, blue-eyed) was superior
Eugenics
Pseudo-scientific belief that human race could be improved by breeding
Charles Davenport
Wanted to prevent mentally ill from having children
Wanted to reduce immigration to by “inferior races” from Eastern and Southern Europe

8. Women 19th Amendment Life in the Roaring 20s Flappers
Gave women right to vote
Life in the Roaring 20s
Appliances reduced housework
More women worked/went to college
Flappers
Wore short dresses, short hair, and lots of makeup
Went on dates without chaperones
Smoked and drank in public
Enjoyed popular dances

9. Music Tin Pan Alley Sheet Music became popular
Section of New York City
Capital of popular music publishing
Blues, jazz, and ragtime
Sheet Music became popular
People wanted to play songs at home

10. Youth and the Lost Generation
Group of writers who rejected the desire for material wealth
Ernest Hemingway
Moved to Paris
A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises
Sinclair Lewis
Main Street and Babbitt
First American to win Nobel Prize in literature
F. Scott Fitzgerald
The Jazz Age and The Great Gatsby

11. The Great Migration (1910-1930)
Movement of about 2 million African Americans from South to “Promised Land” (Northeast and Midwest)
Push Factors
Sharecropping, tenant farming, and racism
Pull Factors
Industrial jobs in growing cities
Friends/Family who had previously migrated

13. Growth of Cities African Americans in cities Harlem
Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, New York
Confined to all-black neighborhoods
Greeted by racism, housing shortages, and crime
Harlem
Upper Manhattan (New York)
About 200,000 African Americans lived in a city within a city

14. The Harlem Renaissance
Re-birth of African-American arts during the 1920s
Optimism and pride in black culture
Jazz Age (1920s)
New form of African-American music
Langston Hughes ( )
One of America’s best poets
Wrote about determination to overcome racial prejudice
Marcus Garvey ( )
Political activist
Emphasized racial pride
Stressed racial unity through self- help
Supported the Back-to-Africa movement

15. Popular New Heroes Babe Ruth Jack Dempsey Charles Lindbergh
Professional baseball player and homerun legend
Jack Dempsey
Professional boxer and cultural icon
Charles Lindbergh
First to fly across Atlantic in 1927
33 hours; 3,600 miles
“The Spirit of St. Louis” (airplane)