1. What is el Observatorio de la bicicleta pública en España (Observatory of bike-sharing in Spain)
Independent information platform for the critical evaluation of bike-sharing schemes in Spain.
Created in 2011, by Esther Anaya and Alberto Castro. Esther had been studying bike-sharing in Spain since 2007 and Alberto has a PhD in European bike-sharing schemes within the EU project OBIS.
Anaya, E. y Castro, A., 2011

2. What we do Most recent studies: www.bicicletapublica.es
Inventory: Evolution of bike-sharing schemes BSS in Spain (2014)
Survey to general population: mode choice, use, behaviour (2015)

3. Key issues identified Survival of BSSs Level of use Modal shift
Shared vs. Private cycling

4. 1. Survival Around half of all the implemented BSS have closed.
Fast increase of number / Slower decrease
Reasons commonly stated: lack of funding
2010: beginning of economic crisis.
Duration of national funding packages, 2 years.

5. 1. Survival
Data shows:
Differences in regional survival rates %
Lower survival rate in smaller towns (<20,000 inhab) – 21%
Lower survival rates in smaller systems (<5 stations) – 20%
Closed BSS had a short life – 55% were <3years, 27% were <2years

6. 2. Level of use Defining indicators (I):
Uses/bike&day: turnover or rotation (often used, but less accurate)
Uses/station&day: spatial intensity
Perfect! Advanced logistic management
We need more docking stations?
We need more bicycles?

7. 2. Level of use Defining indicators (II):
Uses/inhabitants & day: population impact

8. 2. Level of use Reasons for not using the BSSs:
Mostly BSS and city-related issues
Amongst non-users: 50%
Top BSS-related: stations too far
Top city-related: no BSS scheme in the city
Amongst ex-users: 40%
Top BSS-related: expensive (bad maintenance next)
Top city-related: BSS has closed
ROTATION
>50% of BSSs
report
<1 use/bicycle&day

9. 3. Modal shift Car shift: around 25% (will discuss in a minute) BUT
Results differ depending on city size

10. 4. Private vs. shared cycling
BSSs might contribute to increase private bicycle use but it’s not that clear!
There are positive and negative impacts of BSSs on Private (owned) cycling.

11. 4. Shared vs. private cycling
NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON PRIVATE CYCLING
Since I started using bike-share, I use my own bicycle:
More Same Less

12. 4. Shared vs. private cycling
POSITIVE IMPACTS ON PRIVATE CYCLING
30% of non-users are using more their private bicycle since they are seeing shared bicycles in the streets.
30% of ex-users stopped using BSSs because they bought themselves a bicycle.
12% of current BSSs users have bought a bicycle, and half of them have done it because of using or seeing shared bicycles in the streets.

13. 4. Private vs. shared cycling
Private bicycle owners do use bike-sharing for specific purposes!
Exploring the dual use:
Membership card
Vs.

14. 4. Private vs. shared cycling
74% of BSSs users have at least one bicycle at home.
42% of them use bike-sharing for transport-related reasons, being:
29% unexpected trip
25% unidirectional trip
24% fear of bicycle theft
Membership card
&

15. Thank you!
Contact:
Esther Anaya-Boig
@bici_publica