1. Human Physiology Unit One Objective Six

2. Definitions Basic Chemistry
Acid – a compound that releases hydrogen (H+) ions in solution
Base – a compound that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution

3. Definitions Basic Chemistry
Salt – an ionic compound that does not contain H+ or OH-, obtained from an acid/base reaction
Buffer – a chemical system that resists large changes in pH by taking up or giving off H+

4. Acid-Base Reaction HCl + KOH KCl + H2O Cl- K+ H+ OH- Acid Base Salt
Water
HCl +
KOH
KCl +
H2O
Cl- K+ H+
OH-

6. Human Physiology Unit One Objective Seven

7. pH – the measurement of the H+ concentration in solution

9. Human Physiology Unit One Objective Eight & Nine

10. Organic Chemistry The four types of organic compounds Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

11. Carbohydrates The general formula is CH2O
The monomers are monosaccharides
Functions:
Provide energy
Structural uses
Examples:
Plants - starch, cellulose, Animals - glycogen, chitin

12. Lipids Functional group – COOH- (carboxyl)
The monomers are fatty acids and alcohols
Functions:
Storage energy
Structural uses
Regulation
Protection

13. Lipids
Examples:
Fats (triglycerides)
Phospholipids
Steroids
Waxes

14. Lipids
The two types of fatty acids
Saturated
Unsaturated

15. Proteins Two functional groups – COOH- (carboxyl) and NH2- (amine)
The monomers are amino acids
Functions:
Structural uses
Regulation
Protection
Provide energy

16. Proteins
Examples:
Collagen
Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies

17. Nucleic Acids The monomers are nucleotides Functions: Heredity
Nitrogen base
Functions:
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Heredity
Protein synthesis
Phosphate group
Pentose sugar

18. Nucleic Acids Examples: Double stranded, double helix molecule
Single stranded with three forms – tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA
DNA
RNA