1. GERUNDS
Grammar review #5

2. GERUND = a verb that ends in –ing and is used as a noun
What is a gerund?
GERUND = a verb that ends in –ing and is used as a noun
A gerund is the name of an action.
Running is good exercise.
His hobby is skating
Personally, I prefer golfing.

3. What is a gerund phrase?
GERUND PHRASE = a gerund that is accompanied by modifiers and/or an object
The complete gerund phrase may be thought of as taking the place of a noun.
Kayaking on the lake is Justin’s idea of relaxation.
Nicole has the gift of always saying the right thing.
Jonathan enjoys leisurely reading poetry in the evening.

4. What is a compound gerund?
COMPOUND GERUND = formed by Placing a noun before a gerund
They enjoy mountain climbing.
Arnold’s favorite activity is fly fishing.

5. WHAT AM I????? Identify each example
by holding up one of the following numbers:
(1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND

6. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
Appealing to their intelligence

7. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
FLYING

8. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
Shooting paintballs

9. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
Skeet shooting

10. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
laughing

11. (1) GERUND (2) GERUND PHRASE (3) COMPOUND GERUND
Rock climbing

12. USAGE OF GERUNDS
A GERUND OR GERUND PHRASE MAY BE USED IN THE SENTENCE IN MOST WAYS A NOUN MAY BE USED!
SUBJECT
DIRECT OBJECT
INDIRECT OBJECT
OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
PREDICATE NOUN
APPOSITIVE

13. USAGE OF GERUNDS: EXAMPLES
SUBJECT  Swimming is good exercise.
DIRECT OBJECT  I enjoy swimming.
INDIRECT OBJECT  Ramona gave swimming her best effort.
OBJECT OF PREPOSITION  He won a medal for swimming.
PREDICATE NOUN  Her hobby is swimming.
APPOSITIVE  Our hobby, swimming, improved our muscle tone.

14. Jessica really enjoys bothering the neighbors with loud music.
What’s my usage? (SUBJECT – DIRECT OBJECT – OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – PREDICATE NOUN – APPOSITIVE?)
Jessica really enjoys bothering the neighbors with loud music.

15. I finished practice after swimming ten punishment laps.
What’s my usage? (SUBJECT – DIRECT OBJECT – OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – PREDICATE NOUN – APPOSITIVE?)
I finished practice after swimming ten punishment laps.

16. What’s my usage? (SUBJECT – DIRECT OBJECT – OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – PREDICATE NOUN – APPOSITIVE?)
A dangerous activity for long-haired people is blowing gum bubbles with the car windows open.

17. What’s my usage? (SUBJECT – DIRECT OBJECT – OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – PREDICATE NOUN – APPOSITIVE?)
My favorite Sunday activity, reading, was cut short because of our dinner plans.

18. Eating ice cream on a hot a day can be a good way to cool off.
What’s my usage? (SUBJECT – DIRECT OBJECT – OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – PREDICATE NOUN – APPOSITIVE?)
Eating ice cream on a hot a day can be a good way to cool off.

19. CAUTION!!!!!! “POSSESSIVE GOVERNS THE GERUND!”
You need to make SURE you use the correct form of the pronoun before the gerund.
Correct = Father objects to his staying in bed.
Incorrect = Father objects to him staying in bed.

20. -ING verbs can be part of the verb phrase!
CAUTION!!!!!!
NOT ALL –ING WORDS
ARE GERUNDS!!!!
-ING verbs can be part of the verb phrase!
Gerund = Drooling is rude.
Verb Phrase = The baby is drooling into the mashed carrots.