1. Prepositional Phrases and Participle Phrases
Grammar Games
Take out a sheet of paper. I encourage you to take notes.

2. What Exactly is a phrase?
A PHRASE is a part of sentence that has either a subject or a verb.
A PHRASE cannot be used as a whole sentence. Why?

3. Prepositional Phrase
A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE is a phrase that has a PREPOSITION in it.
Every phrase will end with an object
Examples:
around the clock
above and beyond the call of duty
within reason

4. A Prepositional Phrase Poem:
At the stroke of midnight, On the moonlight moor, In the sky a bright light, Between the land and shore. From shadows boomed a call, “Up, up,” sprang a battle cry, Across the hill’s summit tall, By patriots brave, came, “Aye!”
Can you and your tribute partner list all of the prepositional phrases?
There are 8!
-libby, from the Internet

5. Review: Participle
A PARTICIPLE is a verbal that is used as an ADJECTIVE – it describes!!
A PARTICIPLE often ends in –ing (for the present) or –ed (for the past).
Examples:
The crying baby kept me up all night.
Crying for milk, the baby kept me up all night.

6. Participial Phrase
A PARTICIPIAL PHRASE is a PHRASE (group of words) that begins with a participle.
A PARTICIPIAL PHRASE describes.
Examples:
Forgetting her peanut allergy, I offered my niece a PB&J.
Aggravated by the performance, Frances stormed out of the theatre.
Killing time, I began doodling in the margins of my note paper.

7. Prepositional or Participle?
1. (Staying awake all night), Conner stayed up (for the Breaking Bad marathon). 2. I want to make sure you understand the directions (before (taking the test)). 3. (For the benefit) of Mr. Kite we will have a show tonight (on trampoline). 4. It makes me happy (seeing you so happy).
Change the underlines

8. Gerund Phrases, Infinitive Phrases, and Appositive Phrases
Grammar Games

9. Gerunds Hallmarks of the GERUND: Is a verbal that is used as a noun
Ends in an –ing
Examples:
Running a mile makes me happy.
I am running the mile.
(What’s the difference?)

10. Gerund Phrase A GERUND PHRASE is a PHRASE with a GERUND in it.
Examples:
Running the mile hurts my knees.
Instead of running, I prefer eating a bag of chips.

11. Infinitives & Infinitive Phrases
Hallmarks of the INFINITIVE:
Is a verbal that can be used as a NOUN, ADJECTIVE, or ADVERB
Always begins with a “to”
Examples:
I used to play the piano.
I am too legit to quit.
(Is “legit” a Standard English word?)

12. Appositive Phrases Hallmarks of the APPOSITIVE: Is a NOUN or PRONOUN
Describes or restates the subject
Is usually surrounded by comas
Examples:
My sister, a graphic designer, painted a picture for my birthday present.
The picture, a portrait of my favorite band, is hanging on my wall.

13. Practice Participles & Gerunds, Quickly!

14. Answers p. 69 G P

15. Practice, Quickly!
p. 69 #6-10

16. Answers p. 69
6. G 7. P 8. P 9. P 10. G

17. Practice Infinitives & Appositives, Quickly!
Only underline – don’t worry about identifying as a part of speech
p. 77 #1-5

18. Answers p. 72 The pictures to see are my family’s baby pictures.
Of course, to call my own baby pictures anything but beautiful would be lying!
To record the growth of our family is another of our goals.
We keep many family pictures in our house to remind us of the importance of our past.
I like to study the old, crumbling photo of my great-grandparents.

19. Answers p. 77 neighbor, the planet Neptune.
rotation, one day and night
Pluto, a very distant member of the solar system
Clyde Tombaugh, an amateur astronomer
Gemini, a well-known constellation