1. Sub-Saharan Africa CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

2. CULTURE

3. Turn to page 406 in your book.
The population of Africa is not
distributed evenly. What are the
main reasons for this?
Turn to page 406 in your book.
Think Physical Features!
Nile
Kalahari
Sahara

4. Diversity in Africa 800 ethnic groups! ETHNIC GROUPS Language Religion
Dress
Food
Art
Music/Dance
800 ethnic groups!

5. MANY ETHNIC GROUPS
many diverse tribes with unique languages, clothing, music, etc.

6. RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES animism from native or indigenous peoples
animism – belief in divine forces of nature.
Islam from Arabs of SW Asia
Christianity from Europeans

7. 2000- 3000 Languages spoken in this region!
Arabic
Swahili
English
Dinka
Many, many more!!!!!!
ity from Europeans
Languages spoken in this region!
#46 on Chapter 20 HW

8. What are some problems with telling stories?
ORAL TRADITIONS
knowledge passed down through generations by telling stories
What are some problems with telling stories?

9. Some names of countries are related to the historical empires
Mali
Ghana
Zimbabwe

10. Ghana: The first great empire of West Africa beginning in 700AD.
Ghana was along an important
trade route from the forests
of coastal Africa to the
caravans of the Sahara
Desert.

11. The kingdom made their fortune by controlling the trade routes and charging tolls and taxes.
They also added to the gold and salt trades as well as establishing an iron trade. The Ghana Empire lasted until the early 1200s.

12. Great Zimbabwe Great House of Stone
Great House of Stone

13. Mali Mansa Musa http://www.chasque.apc.org/lvx/rkeith5e.htm
Mali
Mansa Musa

14. The Mali Empire established trade and commerce throughout Western Africa through minerals and agricultural products.
They also promoted learning and education. In fact, Timbuktu became a large center for education with one of the first universities in Africa.

15. Later, when railroads came through western Africa, Timbuktu was NOT on the routes. It quickly became a ghost town. Now, it's only known by a cliché- " in the Middle of Nowhere".

16. African Kingdoms:
Ghana
Mali
Zimbabwe

17. APARTHEID racial segregation in South Africa
Nelson Mandela was 1st black president

18. Differences in ethnic background has
led to conflict and division in Africa.
Sudan – site of 20 year civil war between
The Islamic govt and the rebels
Burundi & Rwanda – sites of fighting and
Slaughter between the Tutsis and Hutus

19. RWANDA GENOCIDE Hutus vs Tutsis
Hutus oppressed by Tutsis, took revenge and attempted to rid the country of Tutsis

20. SUDAN’S DARFUR CONFLICT
Arab Muslims (nomads) vs Black African Animists (farmers)
fighting over who owns the land

21. Word You Should Know
gen·o·cide   (jěn'ə-sīd') n.   The systematic and planned extermination of an entire national, racial, political, or ethnic group.

22. Word You Should Know
ref·u·gee   (rěf'y  -jē') n.   One who flees in search of refuge, as in times of war, political oppression, or religious persecution.
ref·u·gee   (rěf'y  -jē')

23. The diversity of Africans are reflected in their cultural heritage
masks •sculpture
dance •music
colorful dress
jewelry

24. African Music

25. African masks

26. African Jewelry

27. Dance

28. Villages

29. Outdoor Markets

30. Outdoor Market in Ghana