1. Chapter 24, Lesson 3
US Joins the Allies

2. Supplying the Allies Allies were low on supplies
German U-boats sunk 1 of 4 ships
Allies used convoys: groups of ships sailing w/ to protect other ships

3. Russia Quits
Bolshevik Revolution overthrew new gov’t that had overthrown Czar Nicholas II
Led by Vladimir Lenin, who signed Treaty of Brest-Litovsk w/ Germany
Peace in the East meant Germans could focus on Western Front

4. US Joins the Battle
May 1917, Gen John Pershing led American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
French & British wanted US to join them
Pershing refused, wanted to keep separate
American soldiers, “Doughboys” first saw action June 1918 driving back German forces at Chateau-Thierry

5. Argonne Forest Allies begin to attack
500,000 US soldiers defeat Germans at Saint-Mihiel
1 million US troops join Allies at Argonne Forest for 7 weeks, pushed through their lines into Germany
Eddie Rickenbacker & Alvin York both receive Medal of Honor

6. End of War Germany struggling on Western Front
Ottoman Empire about to collapse in late 1918
Austria-Hungary broke apart & Poland, Hungary, & Czechoslovakia declared independence
Nov 1918 Austria-Hungary & Ottoman Empire surrendered to Allies

7. German Defeat
Germany realizes defeat & asks Pres Wilson for armistice on Oct 4, 1918
Wilson agreed but w/ certain conditions
Germany had to leave Belgium & France
Only nonmilitary leaders could negotiate
Revolution in Germany forced the Kaiser or emperor to step down

8. Armistice
Armistice on the 11th hour of 11th day of 11th month (Nov 11, 1918)
Germany had to withdraw forces west of Rhine River
Remove its fleet from Baltic Sea
Surrender large amounts of equipment
The Great War was over