1. Real Estate Development
Developers & Their Partners: Contractors and Engineers
05/09/2011
Ahmed Moughrabi
Caleb Kofi Morris Darko

2. ENGINEERING
Art or discipline where science and math are applied in the design of buildings, roads, machines, systems etc
“Engineer” originates from ingeniator which means “cleverness”.
Branches include: chemical, structural, electrical, civil, mechanical etc.

3. HISTORY
The history of engineering can be divided into 4 overlapping stages:
Pre-scientific revolution: Leonardo da Vinci
Industrial revolution: 18th-19th century
Second industrial revolution: Before World War II
Information revolution: After the World War

4. ROLES OF AN ENGINEER
Assist the architects in designing the building’s structural integrity
Design HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning), plumbing, life safety measures and other mechanical systems
Cater for electrical power and distribution systems which include lighting, circuitry and back up supplies
Share their expertise in land development with the design of streets and drainage systems.

5. CONTRACTORS
A contractor is a person that undertakes a contract to provide materials or labour to perform a service or do a job.
They are made up or General contractor and subcontractors .

6. HISTORY
Population and transportation played an important role in the history of contractors.
In the 1800 contractor were concentrated at one point/area
In the 1900s, the automobile industry assisted in expanding the scope of contractors

7. ROLE
Contractors ensure that there is a physical evidence of the design
The General Contractor co-ordinates the subcontractors in the development process.
Contractors help in giving estimates for the project.

8. Other Findings
In Ghana, an engineer needs a B.Sc. or higher degree with relevant engineering experience and has to be a registered member of the Ghana Institute of Engineers (GHIE, 2011)
Information such as past projects and references from clients are important for a contractor to be qualified (Miles M et al 2007).

9. Malaysian Highways

10. Leaning Tower of Pisa

11. Colosseum of Rome

12. ZhaoZhou Bridge - China

13. Panama Canal