1. Flower, Fruit and Seed

2. Designed for Beauty
Petals - most noticeable colored part; help attract bees& other creatures; surround pistil and stamen
Sepals – smaller, green versions of petals located beneath petals; enclose and protect developing flower (bud) until it blossoms (opens)
Bracts – colorful leaves around the flower; attract insects to flower (ex. poinsettia, dogwood)

3. Designed for Reproduction
Pistil – long tube in the middle of the flower surrounded by petals; made up of:
Stigma – top
Style – curved middle
Ovary – large rounded part; holds undeveloped seeds (ovules)
Stamen – found around the pistil; make and hold dust like yellow grains (pollen); made up of:
Anther – top; produces pollen
Filament – below anther

4. Fertilization – process where a sperm cell from a pollen grain unites with an egg cell stored in the ovule
Pollination – transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma usually by bees, flies & butterflies; sometimes birds, bats & wind.
God designed flowers so that pollination is beneficial to both the flowers and creatures.

5. Pollination/Fertilization example
Bee drawn to flower by colors of petals
Bee lured deep in the flower in search for nectar (sweet liquid stored in the body of the bloom)
Bee brushes against pollen-coated stamens
Some of pollen sticks to the bee’s feet, will be carried back to another flower
As bee crawls over flower, pollen is brushed onto the stigma
Outer shell of the pollen cracks open and a special cell begins to burrow down through the pistil into the ovule (pollen tube)
Sperm cells travel down the pollen tube to the egg cell in the ovule
Sperm cell unites with ovule and seed begins to develop

6. Fruit
Fruit – anything that forms from an ovary or a flower (ex. some nuts, tomatoes, apples, etc.)
** most important function of fruits – help scatter seeds

7. Seeds Seeds have the ability to remain dormant (inactive)
Seeds need 2 things to sprout and grow
moisture
warmth
Parts of a seed:
Embryo – miniature undeveloped plant
Cotyledons – contain stored food for growth
Seed coat – covers and protects the embryo

8. Botanist – scientist who studies plants
Linnaeus – one of the greatest botanists in history
Believed in God’s creation
Father of taxonomy – science of classification
Hybrid – new variety of a plant by cross fertilization (orange + tangerine = tangelo)
Plants always reproduce after their own kind – one of the great laws that God established at the time of creation.

9. Plant Families Composites Largest family of flowering plant
Combination of many flowers
Examples: daisy, dandilion

10. Plant families Peas 2nd largest family of flowering plants
Called legumes because fruit grows in the shape of a pod
Flower has 1 large petal and 2 smaller size petals
Examples: green beans, peas, peanuts, soy beans

11. Plant Families Roses Petals grow in multiples of 5
Examples: apples, cherries, peaches, raspberries

12. Plant Families Lilies Petals in multiples of 3
Grow from bulbs (storehouses made with layers of thick fleshy leaves that surround a short stem)

13. Plant families Grasses Most important family of food producing plants
1/3 of earth’s land is covered by grasses
Small flowers
2 part leaf (blade & sheath)
2 methods of reproduction
Seeds scattered by wind
Creeping underground stem

14. Types of grasses Cereal
Harvested for nutrients in seeds (called grains)
Most widely used grains – wheat, rice, corn
Wheat – flour, bread
Rice – chief food for over ½ people in the world
Corn – feed livestock

15. Types of Grasses Turf Woody Cover lawn, athletic fields, golf courses
Beautify land, prevent erosion
Woody
Bamboo – grows primarily in SE Asia
Food for pandas, houses, bridges, fishing poles
Sugar cane – eventually turned into sugar

16. Monocot vs. Dicot Monocot One seed part Flower petals in groups of 3
Long slender leaves with parallel veins
Fibrous root system
Dicot
Two seed parts
Flower petals in groups of 4 or 5
Broad leaves with branching veins
Taproot with secondary rootlets