1. Sex Determination Worksheet

2. SEX-LINKED INHERITANCE Worksheets color Blind Test
A. COLOR-BLINDNESS,
Recessive trait on the X chromo.
Lack of pigments made in the eye which are for color vision
Most common form is RED/GREEN color blindness
In Caucasian population
8% OF MALES, 1% FEMALES
B. HEMOPHILIA protein for blood clotting is missing
Recessive carried on the X chromosome
1 IN 10,000 MALE, 1 IN 100,000 FEMALE births
C. MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY There are 9 types
Protein to keep muscle cells together is missing.
Starts ages 2-6 and leads to progressive deterioration of muscle tissues

3. II. SEX-LINKED INHERITANCE http://learn. genetics. utah
A. NON-DISJUNCTION DISORDERS -1 IN 1,000 people are affected by this with Sex Chromosomes
Failure of chromosomes to separate evenly during metaphase in meiosis
B. TURNER SYNDROME
XO Zygote
ABSENCE of a 2nd X OR Y. A YO zygote is not viable.
Person appears to be female
Sex organs may not be fully developed, STERILE
C. KLEINEFELTER SYNDROME
XXY, Male in appearance
Extra fat in chest and hips
No facial beard
D. SUPERMAN/Jacob Syndrome
XYY, SLOW MENTAL ABILITY
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
10% of male prison population
E. SUPERWOMAN
XXX, LEARNING DISORDERS
Above average height

4. Karyotype image of all 23 chromosome pairs Animation Learn how to Karyotype/

5. SEX INFLUENCED TRAITS Trait is on a body chromosome
BALDNESS is expressed differently phenotypically in the sexes.
BALDNESS is a dominant allele B in men. BB/Bb inheritance can lead to baldness.
In woman however it is bb recessive. If she is Bb she is not bald. Scientists believe though it is probably polygenetic trait, many genes are needed, not just 1.
Male pattern
Female pattern

6. PEDIGREE CHART Worksheets

7. PEDIGREE CHART DETAILS http://www. zerobio

8. BLOOD GROUPS Co-dominant inheritance
WHICH BLOOD TYPE IS MOST COMMON?
TYPE O
WHICH IS THE NEXT MOST COMMON?
TYPE A
WHICH IS THE RAREST?
TYPE AB
WHICH IS THE 2ND RAREST?
TYPE B

9. DONORS RECEIVERS A’S CAN GIVE TO ? A’S, AB’S B’S CAN GIVE TO ?
B’S, AB’S
AB’S CAN GIVE TO AB’S,
O’S CAN GIVE TO ?
ANYONE!
THEY ARE A UNIVERSAL DONOR
A’S CAN RECEIVE FROM
A’S & O’S
B’S CAN RECEIVE FROM
B’S & O’S
O’S CAN RECEIVE FROM?
O’S ONLY!
AB’S CAN RECEIVE FROM AB’S, A’S, B’S, & O’S !
THEY ARE THE UNIVERSAL RECIPIENTS!

10. II. BLOOD GROUPS-TYPING
Antigen

11. BLOOD TYPE PUNNETT SQUARE
BLOOD TYPE ALLELES
Blood types are Co-dominant
TYPE O- ii
TYPE A- IA IA ( homozygous) OR IA i (heterozygous)
TYPE B- IB IB (homozygous) OR IB i (heterozygous)
TYPE AB- IA IB Codominant

12. Rh TYPE HW online Blood Typing Game
BLOOD GROUPS ALSO HAVE ANOTHER ANTIGEN (protein on cells) FOR Rh
Rh+ ALLELES- Rh+/Rh+ OR Rh+/Rh- Can receive Rh+ or -
Rh- ALLELES- Rh-/Rh- Should get only Rh- because produce anti-Rh if ever given Rh+ blood
Example If a PREGNANT WOMAN has an Rh+ BABY & SHE IS Rh- then it could be a problem if the CORD BLOOD MIXES with the MOM’S
2nd pregnancy she COULD produce ANTIBODIES AGAINST the BABIES BLOOD & CAUSE DEATH of the BABY

13. DIAGNOSIS OF GENETIC DISORDERS PRENATAL SCREENING
DOWN SYNDROME TRISOMY OF 21ST chromosome 1/ 800 BIRTHS
AMNIOCENTESIS insertion of a needle to extract Amniotic fluid from the placenta of the FETUS. Collects cells from the fetus
Done in the15-20TH WEEK of pregnancy-4-5th month
KARYOTYPING of fetal body cells. Analyze number, size, shape of chromosomes
RESULTS take several weeks.

14. DIAGNOSIS OF GENETIC DISORDERS
CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING Removal of EMBRYONIC CELLS from the placental membrane of the fetus at weeks (2-3 months of pregnancy)
RESULTS 1-2 weeks, RISKIER for the mom (bleeding) or miscarriage of the fetus
BOTH AMNIOCENTESIS and CVS can detect >100 genetic disorders

15. CODOMINANCE Two genes are expressed equally
ONE gene is not DOMINANT over the other gene
Two dominant genes
Are expressed
How does this happen?

16. JOSEPH KOLREUTER Crossed white rr x red RR carnations
He got…Rr which were pink!
Phenotype was in between the parents
He crossed the Rr hybrid F-1 and got red, white and pink combos
This shows that R is incompletely dominant over the r gene
r does not code for a protein but R can not compensate for this so an intermediate hybrid is created

17. INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE PHENOTYPE is in between that of
either parents genes