1. The imperative mood
P. 5

2. Different moods in Spanish
mood- expresses how a speaker feels about an action Indicative mood- indicates what’s true or happening imperative mood- indicates what speaker wants someone else to do. It is not a tense. It is a form of uncertainty.

3. Los mandatos formales (affirmative commands) Ud. and Uds.

4. Ud. Usted (you, singular formal) Can only be used formally
Usted is used to directly address someone older, a person you do not know on a first name basis, a superior, or someone you would like to show a lot of respect.

5. Uds.
Ustedes (you guys)
Uds. can be used to refer to both formally and informally.
Uds. is the only plural “you” form.
Ex: Señoras, ¡Uds. no puedan hablar!
Ex: Niños, ¡Uds. no puedan correr!

6. How to form affirmative Ud. and Uds. commands
1. Start by conjugating the verb in the “yo” form of the present tense, and then drop the “o”.
Hablar- habl Escribir- escrib o o
2. Then add the opposite ending for Ud./Uds.
forms in the present tense: -ar= e/en or -er/-ir= a/an
-ar verbs hablar
Ud. = e hable
Uds. = en hablen
-er/-ir verbs escribir
Ud. = a escriba
Uds.=an escriban
*Conjugate for the verb for the person you are commanding

7. Traduce al español: Ma’am, eat! Señora, ¡coma! 2. Kids, ¡listen!
Niños, ¡escuchen!
3. listen, Mr. Ruiz.
¡Escuche!, Sr. Ruiz.
Girls, run!
niñas, ¡corran!

8. Verbs with irregular “yo” forms maintain the same irregularity in their formal commands
Ud Uds.
Tener yo tengo = tenga tengan Venir Yo vengo = venga vengan *caigo digo traigo oigo hago conozco pongo ofrezco salgo sigo veo conduzco
*(They stay irregular)
These are other verbs that are irregular in the
“yo” form.

9. Verbs that end in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spelling change.
Sacar c qu saque saquen Jugar g gu juegue jueguen almorzar z c almuerce almuercen
They have the change so it can maintain the sound because then sacar would be sace (sase) jugar-juege (juehe)

10. Note that stem-changing verbs maintain their stem-change
e:ie o:ue e:i Perder= pierda volver= vuelva servir= sirva

11. Traduce (Mandatos) salir (Ud.) ¡Salga! 2. apagar (Uds.) ¡Apaguen!
3. Poder (Ud.)
¡Pueda!
4. Conducir (Ud.)
¡Conduzca!
5. Tener (Ud.)
¡Tenga!

12. Irregular Formal Commands use the acronym d-seis
Ud. Uds. dar dé den saber sepa sepan estar esté estén ir vaya vayan ser sea sean
They are irregular because in the “yo” form they do not have an “o” you can drop dar-doy

13. Placement of reflexive pronouns and object pronouns (me, te,lo,la,le,se,nos,los,las,les) with affirmative commands
1. In affirmative commands, object pronouns are attached to the end of the verb. Ex: Siéntense
2. Add accent mark.
1 pronoun = 3rd syllable back Siéntense    
2 pronouns = 4th syllable back muéstremelo
* When a pronoun is attached to an affirmative command that has two or more syllables, an accent mark is added to maintain the original stress.
Ex: limpie límpielo lean léanlo diga dígamelo
Dé has an accent mark to distinguish it from the preposition (de)
*This rules only apply if you are adding a pronoun to the command.

14. Traduce al español: Wash your hands (Uds.) ¡lávense las manos!
Take a shower! (Ud.)
¡Dúchese! (Don’t use te for formal commands)
3. Send it to him. (Ud.)
¡Mándeselo!
4. Show (Mostrar-o:ue) it to me. (Uds.)
¡Muéstrenmelo!
5. Have fun (divertirse)! (Uds.)
¡Diviértanse!

15. Negative Commands To make a formal command negative, simply place NO before the verb.
Ex: No ponga su libro en el piso.
(Don’t put your book on the floor.)

16. In negative commands, object pronouns always goes in front of the verb
In negative commands, object pronouns always goes in front of the verb. Don’t tell me = No me diga Don’t eat it = ¡No lo coma! Don’t buy it for her = No se lo compre (a ella)

17. Traduce al español: Don’t sit down (Uds.) ¡No se sienten!
Don’t brush your teeth! (Ud.)
¡No se cepille los dientes! (Don’t use te for formal commands)
3. Write it to me.
¡Escríbamelo!
4. Send them to her. (Uds.)
¡Mándenselos!
5. Don’t wash your hands. (Ud.)
¡No se lave las manos!

18. Twinkle Twinkle Little Star The song does not include (esté)
Formal Ud. and Uds. commands
are easy to learn
Just drop the “o,” in the “yo”
add the opposite ending
and there you go!
and the irregulars are
vaya, sea, dé, sepa,
The song does not include (esté) .

19. Songs for The Commands
regulars
irregulars