1. Key Compromises at the Convention

2. Shays’s Rebellion (Massachusetts)
farmers felt being taxed too much
demanded courts be closed (did not happen)
Shays’s army  mob of 1,200 angry farmers marched towards arsenal in Springfield, Massachusetts
state militia called out  4 rebels killed
NEED A STRONG CENTRAL GOV”T TO PROTECT NATION

4. Constitutional Convention
Philadelphia: May, 1787
Goal: fix the Articles of Confederation
Problem: too many problems to be fixed
Result: increase the power of the central gov’t

5. Small States
Large States

6. one house legislature
Unicameral (1 house w/ 1 vote) = rep in Congress
smaller states support - feared losing power in federal gov’t

7. bicameral: two house legislature
rep to Congress based on pop
more people = more votes = more say
supported by larger states

8. The Great Compromise two house legislature (bicameral)
equal rep per state in Senate
rep in H of R proportional to pop

9. The Great Compromise

10. Southern States
Northern States

11. count slaves as pop to determine rep in H or R
don’t count slaves for purpose of determining taxation

12. don’t count slaves as pop to determine rep in H of R
count slaves for purpose of determining taxation

13. The 3/5ths Compromise
3/5ths of slaves counted as pop in determining rep
3/5ths of slaves counted for determining taxation

14. Weakness in Articles of Confederation Example Change in Constitution
No Standing Army
Inability to deal with threat i.e. "Shay's Rebellion"
Fed Government is given the power to raise and maintain a standing army
No Executive Leadership
Failure of direct leadership  indecision
strong executive (President) is created
No Single National Currency
States minted money, no set exchange disrupted trade among the states
Congress is granted sole power to coin money
No Federal Taxation
States did not pay debts  federal gov't had no $$
Congress granted power to tax, impose duty and raise tariffs
Each State had Equal Vote in Congress
Smaller states w/ low pop. had disproportional power
Bicameral Legislature with proportional representation in the House of Reps.
Required Unanimous Vote to Amend
inability to correct failures under AofC
1787 Const Conv replaced AofC rather than amending them