1. Four States of Matter
The States of Matter are the physical forms in which a substance can exist.
Talk about how “freezing is often misused in our language to describe something that is very cold”

2. AD 60 Earliest known steam engine

3. What happens when you break apart a sand castle?

4. What is Sand Composed of?

5. What are Molecules Made of?
Atom

7. SOLIDS..LIQUIDS..GASES…Plasma
Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms and molecules that are too small to see without an amazingly powerful microscope.
Atoms are ALWAYS in motion. The motion of the particles helps to explain the phases (states) of matter.
Plasma is found in stars, lightening, and neon lights. Since is is not common on Earth, we only talk about solids, liquids, and gases.
SOLIDS..LIQUIDS..GASES…Plasma

9. Have a DEFINITE shape Have a DEFINITE volume Moving VERY SLOWLY
(Vibrating)
Very CLOSE together
Pass around something solid. Since it maintains its shape, it is a solid.

10. Analogy: Solid molecules are so close that they are like fans in a mosh pit at a concert.

11. (takes shape of container) Have a DEFINITE Volume Further Apart NO
DEFINITE shape
(takes shape of container)
Have a DEFINITE Volume
Further Apart
Move Faster (Molecules slide past each other)

12. Do you think ALL liquid’s molecules slide past each other at the same rate?
Spray FEBREEZE in the corner. Ask students to raise hand when they smell it. Explain how that happens.
VISCOSITY- the thicker the liquid, the more “viscous”, the closer the molecules are.

13. Analogy: Liquid molecules are like fans “walking around” during intermission.

14. All can CHANGE by ADDING or REMOVING HEAT!NO
DEFINITE shape NO
DEFINITE Volume
VERY FAR apart
*Can be compressed)
Move Very FAST
All can CHANGE by ADDING or REMOVING HEAT!

15. Analogy: Gas molecules are like the fans leaving the concert.

16. Gases can be COMPRESSED
One cylinder of helium can fill about 700 balloons. The gas molecules are NOT ALWAYS FAR APART.

17. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Definite Shape
ANSWER: SOLID

18. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Definite Volume
ANSWER: SOLID and LIQUIDS

19. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
NO definite shape
ANSWER: LIQUIDS and GASES

20. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Molecules easily COMPRESSED
ANSWER: GASES

21. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Molecules move FASTEST
ANSWER: GASES

22. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Molecules move SLOWEST (VIBRATE)
ANSWER: SOLIDS

23. S = Solid L = Liquid G = Gas
Molecules VERY FAR APART
ANSWER: GASES

24. If we increase pressure on a gas, we increase volume
T = True F = False
If we increase pressure on a gas, we increase volume
ANSWER: FALSE