1. RRECEPTORS

2. Classification of Nerves
Mixed Nerves
carry impulses both ot and from CNS
contain both sensory and motor axons most common
Sensory (affterent ) Nerves
only toward the CNS
rare – only three pair
I. – Olfacatory
II. Optic
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
Motor (efferent) Nerves
only axons away from CNS
rare – only 5 pairs of carainal nerves
III. Oculmoror IV. Trochclear VI Abducens
XI Accesory XII Hypoglossal

3. Sensory receptors – simple, unencapsulated
exteroreceptors (nociceptors, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors)

4. Sensory receptors – simple, encapsulated
exteroreceptors and interoreceptors (mechanoreceptors)

5. Sensory receptors – simple, encapsulated
proprioceptors (mechanoreceptors)

6. Sensory Receptors (Chapter 12)
Thermoreceptors – extremes cause pain receptors to respond
Photoreceptors – rods and cones of the eye
Mechanoreceptors
Pressoreceptors
Meissner's
Pacinian
baroreceptors

7. Proprioceptors – stretch receptors
send information to CNS concerning lengths and tensions of muscles
muscle spindle, golgi tendon

8. Pain receptors (nociceptors)
pain exposure to excesses, free nerve endings
visceral pain -> referred
acute pain
chronic pain

9. Receptors – Chemoreceptors
taste, smell, changes in pH,
oxygen and glucose

10. CENTRALCENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TRACTS

11. White matter: ascending and descending tracts

13. Ascending pathway (nonspecific)

15. Direct pathway (pyramidal)

17. Indirect pathway (extrapyramidal)

19. Ascending pathway (specific)

20. Peripheral Nervous System

21. Nervous system organization

25. From sensation to perception
Sensation is the awareness of changes in the internal and external environment
Perception is the conscious interpretation of those stimuli

26. Neural integration
Receptor level
Circuit level
Perceptual level

27. Motor control

29. Reflex arc

30. Stretch reflex

31. Flexor reflex (withdrawal reflex)
pain
contraction

44. Spinal Nerves

45. Spinal nerve organization and rami

46. Spinal nerve organization and rami

47. Dermatomes