1. NAT 5 Waves and Radiation

2. QUESTION 1
What is Light?

3. QUESTION 2
State the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection in the diagram below.

4. What is the definition of the term ‘refraction’?
QUESTION 3
What is the definition of the term ‘refraction’?

5. State the names of the wave effects at point P and point Q.
QUESTION 4
State the names of the wave effects at point P and point Q.

6. QUESTION 5
Redraw the diagram below showing the normal, angle of incidence, angle of refraction and the passage of the ray of light as it leaves the block.

7. QUESTION 6
State the letters used for angle of incidence and angle of refraction in the diagram below.

8. QUESTION 7
State the names of the two parts of the eye where refraction will take place.

9. QUESTION 8
State the names of the two types of sight defect and the corresponding lenses that are used to correct them.

10. QUESTION 9
Complete the rays of light below to demonstrate how far away objects appear blurred.

11. QUESTION 10
Redraw the diagram below to show how the sight defect in Q9 is corrected.

12. State the definition of the term ‘critical angle’.
QUESTION 11
State the definition of the term ‘critical angle’.

13. QUESTION 12 State the critical angle of the
semi-circular shaped medium below.

14. What is an optical fibre?
QUESTION 13
What is an optical fibre?

15. Complete the path of the ray of light through the optical fibre below.
QUESTION 14
Complete the path of the ray of light through the optical fibre below.

16. QUESTION 15
State the definition of the term ‘frequency’ and the unit is it measured in?

17. QUESTION 16
Calculate the frequency of a source if it produces 7200 waves in 6 minutes.

18. QUESTION 17 Sketch and label the following two waveforms:
Small amplitude with a large frequency
Large amplitude with a small frequency

19. QUESTION 18
Compare the speed of sound in the three states of matter in descending order.

20. QUESTION 19
Draw a fully labelled diagram and use it to describe how you would measure the speed of sound in air.

21. QUESTION 20
The ultrasonic pulses travelling at 340ms-1 have an echo time of 0.002s. Calculate the distance between the rear of the car and the wall.

22. QUESTION 21
What instrument is used to measure sound level and which unit is it measured in?

23. State the range of human hearing.
QUESTION 22
State the range of human hearing.

24. What is meant by the term ‘ultrasound’ ?
QUESTION 23
What is meant by the term ‘ultrasound’ ?

25. QUESTION 24
How does ultrasound use reflection to build up the picture of an unborn baby in the mothers womb (uterus)?

26. QUESTION 25
Pneumatic drill operators wear ear protectors. State their purpose and describe how they work.

27. QUESTION 26
Describe transverse and longitudinal waves in terms of the direction of the waves produced and the vibration of the particles in the wave.

28. QUESTION 27
Identify the transverse and the longitudinal waves in the diagram below.

29. State the name of one form of longitudinal wave.
QUESTION 28
State the name of one form of longitudinal wave.

30. State the names of nine types of transverse wave.
QUESTION 29
State the names of nine types of transverse wave.

31. QUESTION 30
State one factor which is common to all of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.

32. QUESTION 31
State two factors which are different for each of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.

33. QUESTION 32
Which of the following statements is/are true about the members of the electromagnetic spectrum?

34. State the names of the unknown electromagnetic radiations P,Q and R.
QUESTION 33
State the names of the unknown electromagnetic radiations P,Q and R.

35. Calculate the wavelength of the sounds produced.
QUESTION 34
A signal generator connected to a loudspeaker produces sounds of frequency 6800Hz.
Calculate the wavelength of the sounds produced.

36. QUESTION 35 A Helium-Neon laser emits light of wavelength 670nm.
Calculate the frequency of the light.

37. a) Amplitude b) Speed c) Wavelength d) the frequency of the waves.
QUESTION 36
The wave diagram below takes 0.5s to travel the 108m.Calculate or find:
a) Amplitude b) Speed c) Wavelength d) the frequency of the waves.

38. QUESTION 37
Calculate the period of a water wave if 80 waves pass a particular point in 320 seconds.

39. QUESTION 38
Diffraction is the effect involving waves bending around an obstacle.
Does greater diffraction occur with short or long wavelength waves?

40. Redraw the diffraction diagram below with longer wavelength waves.
QUESTION 39
Redraw the diffraction diagram below with longer wavelength waves.

41. b) State which wave effect is taking place in the diagram below.
QUESTION 40
a) In the visible spectrum, does red or violet light have the longest wavelength?
b) State which wave effect is taking place in the diagram below.

42. QUESTION 41
State the member of the EM spectrum involved in the applications below:
a)A luggage scanner at an airport?
b)Heat treatment from a physiotherapist?
c)Radioactive tracing within the body?
d)Mobile telephone transmission?

43. QUESTION 42
The diagram below shows the simple model of an atom. State the names of particles X,Y and Z.

44. State what is meant by the term ‘ionisation’.
QUESTION 43
State what is meant by the term ‘ionisation’.

45. QUESTION 44
Which row in the table describes an alpha particle, beta particle and a gamma ray?

46. QUESTION 45
A radioactive source emits alpha, beta and gamma radiation.
Which radiations will be found at X and Y in the diagram below?

47. State the name of a radiation detector.
QUESTION 46
State the name of a radiation detector.

48. QUESTION 47
A radioactive tracer is injected into a patient to study the flow of blood.
State the two criteria that the tracer should have in terms of half-life and the particles emitted.

49. QUESTION 48
a)Why do Health and Nuclear Physicists wear film badges throughout their working day?
b)What do the film badges consist of?
c)What two factors do the film badges monitor?

50. What is the definition of the term ‘activity’?
QUESTION 49
What is the definition of the term ‘activity’?
State the activity equation listing all of the quantities and units involved.

51. QUESTION 50
For a particular radioactive source 7200 atoms decay in 12 minutes.
Calculate the activity of the source.

52. State what is meant by the term ‘absorbed dose’.
QUESTION 51
State what is meant by the term ‘absorbed dose’.
State the equation for absorbed dose listing all of the quantities and units involved.

53. QUESTION 52 A sample of tissue has a mass of 0.05kg.
The tissue is exposed to radiation and absorbs 0.2J of energy in 4 minutes.
Calculate the absorbed dose.

54. State what is meant by the term ‘equivalent dose’.
QUESTION 53
State what is meant by the term ‘equivalent dose’.
State the equation for equivalent dose listing all of the quantities and units involved.

55. Calculate the equivalent dose received by the technician.
QUESTION 54
A technician receives an absorbed dose of 60µGy of alpha particles (WR = 20).
Calculate the equivalent dose received by the technician.

56. Which of the following statements made by a Physics student are true?
QUESTION 55
Which of the following statements made by a Physics student are true?

57. State the definition of the ‘half-life’ of a radioactive source.
QUESTION 56
State the definition of the ‘half-life’ of a radioactive source.

58. Strontium 90 has a half-life of 28 years.
QUESTION 57
Strontium 90 has a half-life of 28 years.
Calculate how long it takes to decrease to 1/32nd of its original activity.

59. A radioactive source has an activity of 300Bq at 6pm.
QUESTION 58
A radioactive source has an activity of 300Bq at 6pm.
Calculate the activity that the source had at 8am that morning if it has a
half-life of 2.5 hours.

60. Use the graph below to find the half-life of the radioactive source.
QUESTION 59
Use the graph below to find the half-life of the radioactive source.

61. State four factors which affect the background radiation level.
QUESTION 60
State four factors which affect the background radiation level.

62. QUESTION 61
Which of the following statements about the function of parts of a nuclear reactor is/are true?

63. Which of the following is/are true about nuclear fission?
QUESTION 62
Which of the following is/are true about nuclear fission?

64. QUESTION 63
The following happens during an induced nuclear fission reaction. What must also be released to allow a chain reaction to occur?

65. QUESTION 64
State two advantages and two disadvantages that nuclear fuels have over fossil fuels.

66. a) Number of nuclei that have decayed
QUESTION 65
The following information was taken for a radioactive source over a 4 minute period. Calculate or find:
a) Number of nuclei that have decayed
b) Absorbed Dose
c) Equivalent Dose.

67. The End