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Weed Control Recommendations for Pastures and Hayfields

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Presentation on theme: "Weed Control Recommendations for Pastures and Hayfields"— Presentation transcript:

1 Weed Control Recommendations for Pastures and Hayfields
Patrick McCullough, Ph.D. University of Georgia

2

3 New Labeled Pasture Grasses
Tall fescue Perennial ryegrass Orchardgrass Timothy Wheatgrass Mixed stands with alfalfa Grasses must be 6 or more tillers

4 New Labeled Directions
Fall Apply after last cutting Before weed germination Spring Apply when soil temps reach low 50s Grasses must be 6 or more tillers

5 Importance of this new label
Only tool for PRE annual weed control in fescue and cool-season forages Crabgrass, sandbur, annual foxtails, other problem weeds Greater flexibility with application timing Can be used in mixed stands of fescue with bermuda, alfalfa, and other labeled species Resistance management

6 Restrictions Do not exceed 4.2 qt/a per year
Do not apply to mixed stands of grasses with legumes (other than alfalfa) There is no pre-harvest or pre-grazing interval restriction Mixed stands of grasses and alfalfa may be grazed or harvested 14 or more days after applications

7 March 1 to April 1 March 1 to 20 January 1 to March 1

8 Extending the Length of Annual Weed Control
Apply split applications 6-8 weeks apart Split in between cuttings For example, Prowl H2O at 4.2 qts/acre In March, apply 2.1 qts /acre In mid-June, apply 2.1 qts/acre

9 Annual Grassy Weed Control (Crabgrass, Sandbur, Foxtails, Goosegrass)
Bermudagrass Consider tank-mixtures of Pastora + Prowl H2O Sequential treatments or tank-mixtures Bahiagrass No POST herbicides for crabgrass, Prowl timing is critical Tall fescue Prowl H2O treatments Facet (quinclorac) + Prowl H2O for crabgrass and annual foxtails

10 Annual Grassy Weed Control (Crabgrass, Sandbur, Foxtails, Goosegrass)
Bermudagrass Preemergence control critical Prowl H2O (pendimethalin) at 3.1 to 4.2 qt/acre Apply when soil temps are in low 50’s Postemergence control Pastora: 1 to 1.5 oz/acre (early-POST) Impose: 4 to 8 oz/acre (early to late POST)

11 Annual Grassy Weed Control (Crabgrass, Sandbur, Foxtails, Goosegrass)
Bermudagrass Pastora May be applied 7 days after cutting Does not have haying restrictions Little to no reductions in yield after treatments Impose More injurious than Pastora on bermudagrass Can reduce initial yield up to 50% 7 day cutting restriction

12 Annual Grassy Weed Control (Crabgrass, Sandbur, Foxtails, Goosegrass)
Bahiagrass Prowl applications (PRE control) Tall fescue Facet as an early POST treatment (64 oz/acre) Does not control goosegrass or sandbur Promote stand density in early spring

13 quinclorac (Facet) Rice herbicide recently labeled for pastures and hayfields 1.5 L formulation labeled in pastures/hayfields 75WG is not labeled Use in hayfields POST broadleaf weed control POST grassy weed control (rate dependent) Tolerant grasses Tall fescue, orchardgrass, bermudagrass

14 quinclorac (Facet) Restrictions Advantages Disadvantages
Harvesting: Do not cut within 7 days after treatment Grazing: No waiting period following application Advantages POST crabgrass and annual foxtail control in fescue and bermudagrass Alternative mode of action to Pastora Disadvantages Apply to grassy weeds that are 1 to 2 tiller or smaller Maximum use rate is 64 fl oz/acre per year

15 Pre-Plant Weed Control
Bermudagrass Diuron: applied before sprigging in summer Must be applied pre-plant, may stunt growth Not labeled for grazed pastures Alfalfa (may have yield reduced in first year) EPTC (Eptam): 3.5 pt/acre Benefin (Balan): 2 lb/acre Other species No pre-plant options Consider glyphosate or paraquat prior to planting to control seedlings

16 Yellow Foxtail Giant Foxtail Cultural Control options:
Keep foxtail mowed down Roundup and reseed/replant Promote competition

17 Green and Yellow Foxtail Control
Common Name Trade Name Control imazapic Impose* G imazamox Raptor F-G imazethapyr Pursuit nicosulfuron + metsulfuron Pastora pendimethalin (PRE) Prowl F sethoxydim Poast* E *Grazing restrictions

18 Knotroot Foxtail

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20 Knotroot Foxtail Control
Prowl not effective Pastora + glyphosate (partial control/suppression) Spot treat glyphosate

21 Suppression of invasive weeds:
Dogfennel Broomsedge Vaseygrass

22

23 Pastora 1.5 oz/acre + Roundup at 8 fl oz/acre + NIS 0.25% v/v
56 DAT

24 Recommendations for Johnsongrass Control
Bermudagrass POST: Pastora, Impose, Outrider* Legumes (depending on species – see PCH) POST: Poast, SelectMax, Raptor, Impose Fescue and Bahiagrass No selective control options Make treatments in fall (if possible), use NIS at 0.25% v/v, mow and treat ~3 weeks later

25 Johnsongrass Control Common Name Trade Name Control imazamox Raptor F
imazapic Impose F-G nicosulfuron + metsulfuron Pastora G-E sethoxydim Poast G sulfosulfuron Outrider E

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30 Yellow Nutsedge

31 Terminal tubers

32 Sedge Control in Pastures
Cultural Reduce moisture, improve drainage Early detection is critical Chemical Bermudagrass and bahiagrass: Outrider, Impose, Sandea Perennial peanut: Impose Other species: no control options available Consider fall applications for controlling perennial sedges

33 Ryegrass (Lolium spp.) Transition out overseeded ryegrass in bermudagrass Competitive growth in spring Causes thinning of pasture grasses in early summer Hayfields Increases maintenance costs Yield losses Establishment of summer weeds

34

35 Herbicide resistant ryegrass
Altered site of action Overproduction of target site enzyme Enhanced metabolism Sequestration

36 Popular Herbicides For Ryegrass Control
WSSA Group Common Name Trade Name 1 sethoxydim Poast, others 2 metsulfuron Cimarron, others nicosulfuron + metsulfuron Pastora imazapic Impose 9 glyphosate Roundup, others

37 Pastora at 1.25 oz/acre in February (ALS-Resistant Ryegrass)

38 Roundup Pro at 16 oz/acre in February (ALS-Resistant Ryegrass)

39 Pastora + Roundup Pro in February (ALS-Resistant Ryegrass)

40 Ryegrass Control Bermudagrass Fall timings Winter timings
Pastora at 1 to 1.25 oz/acre in November/December Impose (Imazapic) at 4 to 6 oz/acre Metsulfuron (60%) at 0.3 to 0.5 oz/acre (erratic control) Winter timings Pastora at 1 to 1.5 oz/acre + glyphosate at moderate rates (8 to 12 oz/acre of 4 lb ai/gal product)

41 Ryegrass Control Perennial peanut Bahiagrass Tall fescue
Sethoxydim (Poast) Impose (Imazapic) Bahiagrass Prowl (preemergence) Tall fescue

42 Questions

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