1. The Start of the Civil War

2. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

3. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
Confederate officials began seizing federal-mint branches, arsenals, and military posts.
Fort Sumter was a Federal outpost in Charleston, SC.

4. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
Confederate cannons began firing on April 12, 1861. 
Fort Sumter fell 34 hours later.
The Civil War began.

5. Slave/Free States Population, 1861

6. The Union & Confederacy in 1861

7. Secession!: Post Fort Sumter

8. Overview of Northern Advantages
Larger population
North 22 million
South Only 9 million
More ships
Larger, more efficient railroad system
Lincoln - Very intelligent and dedicated
More industry - 81% of nation’s factories
Better banking system to raise $ for the war
75% of nation’s wealth

9. Overview of Northern Advantages
Wealth produced:
Factory production
Textile goods produced
Iron production
Coal production
Farm acreage
Draft animals
Livestock
Wheat production
Corn production

10. Overview of Northern Disadvantages
Fought on Southern lands
Divided support for the war
Many believed the South had good chance of winning

11. Overview of Southern Advantages
Fighting a war
Local support of all men
familiarity with terrain
Motivation: seeking independence, unified support
Short communication lines/ friendly population
Experienced officer corps- (Lee, Jackson, Pickett)
Cotton - necessary for textile factories of England and France
Slave Labor in the early part of the war

12. Overview of Southern Disadvantages
Smaller population
Few factories to manufacture weapons and supplies
Poor transportation system
Weak federal government = not strong enough to control Southern states
Jefferson Davis did not have complete power like Lincoln

13. Overview North’s Civil War Strategy:
“Anaconda” Plan
Goal: surround the Confederacy and squeeze them into submission

14. The Anaconda Plan Capture Richmond and force surrender
Expel Confederates from border states
Control of the Mississippi River to Stop the transport of:
soldiers
Weapons
Ammunition
Clothes
Food
other supplies needed
Blockade southern ports to stop
cotton shipments
supplies from foreign nations

15. Southern Strategy
Goal: to be recognized as an independent nation in order to preserve their way of life
Defend its homeland, holding onto as much territory as possible until the North got tired of fighting
Capture Washington, D.C.
Control border states
Gain England's support
Expel Union troops from South