1. Auditory Physiology

2. Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-4
Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-4

3. DECIBELS
X = 20 log Px/Pr
Px = Sound Pressure
Pr = Reference Pressure
X = Decibels (DB)
Sample calculation: If a sound pressure increases by100 times, what is the increase in units of decibels?
X = 20 log Px/Pr
X = 20 log 100/1
X = 20 x 2
X = 40 decibels

4. Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-6

5. Costanzo 2002, Fig. 3-19
Costanzo 2006, Fig. 3-19

6. Adapted from Ganong, 1989

8. Costanzo 2002, Fig. 3-20
Costanzo 2006, Fig. 3-20

11. Costanzo 2002, Fig. 3-21
Costanzo 2006, Fig. 3-21

12. Netter Presenter, 2004, III.14
Netter Presenter, 2004, III.14

13. Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-11
Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-11

14. Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-15

15. Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-16
Schmidt, 1986, Fig 6-16

16. Netter Presenter, 2004, III.15
Netter Presenter, 2004, III.15

17. Clinical Tests for "Conductive" and "Nerve" Deafness