1. Lungs Gastrointestinal tract Kidneys Blood plasma O2 CO2 Nutrients
Figure 26.3 Exchange of gases, nutrients, water, and wastes between the three fluid compartments of the body.
Lungs
Gastrointestinal
tract
Kidneys
Blood
plasma O2
CO2
Nutrients
H2O,
Ions
H2O,
Ions
Nitrogenous
wastes O2
CO2
Nutrients
H2O
Ions
Nitrogenous
wastes
Interstitial
fluid
Intracellular
fluid in tissue cells
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2. Table 26.1-1 Causes and Consequences of Electrolyte Imbalances
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3. Table 26.1-2 Causes and Consequences of Electrolyte Imbalances (continued)
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4. Figure 26.9 Mechanisms and consequences of ANP release.
Stretch of atria
of heart due to BP
Releases
Negative
feedback
Targets
Granular cells
of the kidney
Hypothalamus and
posterior pituitary
Adrenal cortex
Effects
Effects
Inhibits
Inhibits
Effects
Results in
Blood volume
Results in
Blood pressure
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5. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure Mechanisms regulating sodium and water balance help maintain blood pressure homeostasis.
Systemic
blood pressure/volume
Stretch in afferent
arterioles
Filtrate NaCl concentration in
ascending limb of nephron loop
baroreceptors
in blood vessels
Granular cells of kidneys
Systemic arterioles
Results in
Peripheral resistance
Posterior pituitary
Releases
Systemic arterioles
Adrenal cortex
Targets
Causes
Peripheral resistance
Causes
Results in
Blood volume
(+)
stimulates
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
mechanism
Blood pressure
Neural regulation (sympathetic
nervous system effects)
ADH release and effects
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6. Table 26.3-1 Causes and Consequences of Acid-Base Imbalances
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7. Table 26.3-2 Causes and Consequences of Acid-Base Imbalances (continued)
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