1. The English Revolution

2. Tudor Rulers
Elizabeth I
Henry VIII
Henry VII

3. Tudors:
strong rulers
Good relations with Parliament
Get what they want from them

4. Elizabeth dies 1603 No children

5. New king:
James I
From Scotland
House of Stuart

6. From early internal fights to hold power, Elizabeth learned the importance of appearance and winning the people
James cares nothing of that

7. James believes in :
Divine Right

8. Tells Parliament “There are no privileges and immunities which can stand against a divinely appointed king”
James feels that rights listed in documents like the Magna Charta are a threat to their divine prerogative

9. James needs money for a war:
*goes to Parliament
*Parliament wants to talk it over
*James Dissolves Parliament

10. James against Protestant dissenters
Puritans – want to purify Church
James vows to drive them
out or worse

11. James is aided by William Laud the Archbishop of Canterbury

12. Charles I takes over in 1625
Charles also believes in absolute rule

13. Charles:
*dissolves Parliament
*Jails leaders
*rules w/o Parliament for years

14. In order to raise money to run the government Charles must resort to questionable methods?

15. Charles brings back medieval law ‘ship money’, a tax on costal area to pay for the Navy – but he collects from inland regions too

16. The Archbishop of Canterbury attempts to make religious changes in Scotland to make them more like the Church of England
Scotland revolts

17. Charles has to recall Parliament for money after Scotland revolts
Long Parliament

18. Charles attempts to have leaders of Parliament arrested – it fails
Charles heads north to raise army
Parliament forms the New Model Army from militia of London and country squires with business connections

19. Supporters of king:
Cavaliers

20. Supporters of Parliament:
Roundheads
Oliver Cromwell

21. Roundheads win the war and capture Charles
Cromwell allows only his supporters into Parliament
The Rump Parliament

22. Pride’s Purge

23. Parliament tries and convicts Charles I

24. Blue Laws Remake society: more moral
Small group of radicals takes control – they are Puritans
Instrument of Government-constitution
Cromwell - Lord Protector
Remake society: more moral
Blue Laws

25. Cromwell not able to work with Rump Parliament so he dissolves them
Rules as military dictator with a regime of generals

26. Cromwell and the Puritans attempt to crush Catholicism in Ireland
They will confiscate Catholic lands and execute priests
Sets up English landlord for Irish-Catholic tenants
This leaves a long hatred for England

27. Cromwell dies 1658
People tired of Puritan living and military rule
Want Stuarts back

28. Restoration
Charles II
Opens theaters and taverns
Party time!!!

29. When Charles II dies his brother takes over:
James II

30. James starts suspending laws of Parliament and appointing Catholics to key positions

31. James has two daughters with Protestant 1st wife
Marries a Catholic has a son

32. Parliament invites first daughter Mary and husband William of Orange
GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
James II runs away

33. William signs English Bill of Rights
*limited monarchy
*supremacy of Parliament
*Power of the purse
*Regular meetings of 8Parliament

34. no royal interference with the law
no royal interference with the law. Though the sovereign remains the fount of justice, he or she cannot unilaterally establish new courts or act as a judge.
*no taxation by Royal Prerogative. The agreement of the parliament became necessary for the implementation of any new taxes
*freedom to petition the monarch without fear of retribution
*no standing army may be maintained during a time of peace without the consent of parliament.
*no royal interference in the freedom of the people to have arms for their own defence.
*no royal interference in the election of members of parliament
*the freedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament
*"grants and promises of fines or forfeitures" before conviction are void
no excessive bail or "cruel and unusual" punishments may be imposed

36. Evolution of Constitutional Government
Political parties – outlet for differences in ideas of how to run the country
Tories-tradition & high Church
Whigs-parliament/toleration/city

37. 2. Cabinet System
New Hanover kings were Germen and relied on leaders of Parliament to run the country.
Board of advisors became known as the Cabinet

38. 3. Prime Minister-leader of the cabinet
Leader of the majority party in Parliament
1st PM Robert Walpole

40. Parliament
House of Lords: titled nobles
House of Commons: wealthy landowners and businessmen
Few in England can vote