1. Reconstruction
Chapter 8

2. Reconstruction
Plan to rebuild and reunite with the South following the Civil War
Process of bringing southern states back into the Union

3. Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction
10% of Southerners must pledge loyalty oaths
Lenient (forgiving)
Did not want to punish

5. Radical Republicans Wanted to PUNISH the South
Create Five military occupation zones
Accept 13th and 14th Amendment

7. Freedmen’s Bureau Agency to aid former slaves
Furnished clothing, food and education
Unsuccessful: Lack of funding and white support in South

8. Black Codes Restrictions on freedom of Af-Americans
Passed by Southern gov’ts to restrict newly won freedoms
Ex. No interracial marriage, curfews, must work or be arrested, behavior codes

9. Sharecropping
Blacks kept in service by keeping them in debt. Must farm to pay off debts!
Cycle of poverty
Farming land owned by another

10. Amendments 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery
14th Amendment: granted citizenship rights
15th Amendment: Black males could vote

11. Hiram Revels First Black Congressman, Mississippi Ties to Lincolnton!
Operated barbershop on West Main in 1840s

13. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
1st President Impeached (Brought up on charges)
Saved from removal by one vote
Violated Tenure of Office Act
Hated by Radical Republicans

14. Carpetbaggers
“put down” used to describe Northerners who came South to take advantage of opportunities
Bought land and manipulated black vote

16. Scalawags
“put down” to describe SOUTHERNERS who were working with the North

17. Ku Klux Klan White supremacist group Greek for “Circle of Friends”
Threatened and intimidated blacks by burning homes and lynching
Ended between because of the KKK Act

18. Enforcement Acts To protect the rights of blacks Right to vote
Force Act protected them against KKK
Lynching: Racially motivated murder

19. The Redeemers Southerners trying to regain control
Overthrew every Radical Republican state by 1877 (Redemption)
Return to white rule

21. Compromise of 1877
Rutherford B. Hayes promised to end Reconstruction in exchange for the Presidency
Withdrew troops from South: End of Reconstruction

22. Stalwarts Opposed to Hayes and his Civil Service Reform Policies
Civil Service Reform wanted to require testing for gov’t positions
Hayes fires Chester Arthur (future pres.)

23. The New South
South wanted to grow, become industrial, and eliminate racism
UNSUCCESSFUL!
Legacy: Blacks continued to suffer discrimination for another 100 years!

24. Andrew Johnson From Raleigh, NC 17th President from 1865-1869 Democrat
Reconstruction took place during his administration and the 13th Amendment was passed abolishing slavery.
The US purchased Alaska from Russia and the 14th Amendment was passed.
Johnson was the first president to be impeached as a result of violating the Tenure of Office Act

25. Ulysses S. Grant Point Pleasant, Ohio 18th President from 1869-1877
Republican Party
Before becoming President, Grant was General during the Civil War.
The First Transcontinental Railroad was completed when the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific met at Promontory Point, Utah.
The 15th Amendment was added to the Constitution and during the Battle of Little Big Horn, Custer was massacred along with his soldiers

26. Rutherford B. Hayes Delaware, Ohio 19th President from 1877 to 1881
Republican
The Election of 1876 was controversial because of election votes and was a compromise, Hayes became President. During his term in office Reconstruction “officially” ended in the South. In 1877, a Railway strike which was so violent that Hayes called in the Federal Troops. A group of Republicans called Stalwarts were opposed to Hayes because he wanted to reform the civil service system