1. Southern legislatures’ response to the Thirteenth Amendment was
To pass black codes that denied African Americans many of their rights as citizens
(examples – could marry and own some property but could not vote, own guns or serve on juries)

2. Republicans were outraged at the black codes and President Johnson because
They felt that Johnson was allowing the South to bring back many of the worst characteristics of slavery
Outraged by reports of violence against freedmen

3. Radical Republicans’ two chief goals were
To break the power of the wealthy Southern planters
To ensure that freedmen had the right to vote

4. The Fourteenth Amendment stated that
All persons born or naturalized in the United States were citizens and that no stated could deprive a person of life, liberty or property without due process of law (equal protection of the laws)

5. The 1866 elections resulted in
Republican majorities in both houses in Congress
By having a majority – Republicans could easily override a President’s veto. (they need 2/3 to do so)

6. The Reconstruction Act required that
Former Confederate states disband their old state governments
Ratify the 14th Amendment
Write new constitutions
Allow African Americans the right to vote

7. President Johnson was impeached because
He tried to limit the effect of the Radical Reconstruction program by vetoing bills and firing military officials sent to enforce the laws in the South
Impeach means to bring formal charges (usually against an official). It does not mean the official is already guilty.
The House of Representatives impeaches and the Senate holds the trial voted to convict Johnson. They were 1 vote short of a guilty verdict.

8. Republicans supported the Fifteenth Amendment because
They honored African American rights.
They felt that northern African Americans should be treated equally with those in the South
They knew African Americans would vote Republican

9. Radical Reconstruction
Restructuring of southern society by the 1867 Congress
They developed the Reconstruction Act

10. Black codes
Laws that severely limited the rights of freedmen.