1. What came first? Industrial Revolution or Agricultural Revolution?
Agricultural Revolution must occur before an Industrial Revolution can take place
Industrial Revolutions involve massive growth in terms of population
To feed a growing population improvements in agriculture are essential

2. The Formula Agriculture Improvements = Agricultural Efficiency
Agricultural Efficiency = fewer farmers are needed to grow more food
Fewer farmers = more people are available to be employed in industry in the cities

3. Agricultural Revolution
After 1700, in England, the ways of growing food and the number people needed to grow them, changed dramatically
The whole nature of what constituted a farm changed
Small farms were replaced with large farms

4. Out with the old -- Middle Age Strip Farming Methods
In the Middle Ages, strip farms were in vogue
Lords would divide their land amongst serfs saving a portion (demesne) for themselves
Serfs would farm their strips giving up part of their harvest in payment to the lord

5. An Inefficient System Strip farming was a subsistence farming
Individual serfs would grow a variety of crops hoping to reap enough to feed their families
Any crop left over after feeding their families and payment to their lord, would be sold to help pay for other needed items or amenities
But with England’s population growing rapidly this form of subsistence farming would not provide England with the food that was needed

6. Needing a different system
During Tudor times, the English government came to realize that a new, more productive system of farming was needed
Small strip farms needed to be replaced with larger farms
Small farmers needed to be replaced with rich, gentleman farmers
The question was how to dismantle and remove the strips farm of England

7. Common Land – The key to the Strip Farming System
The answer to this problem lay in the Common Land
It was the central pillar to the strip farming system
This was public land that could be used by anyone
Small peasant farmers would take their small herds of sheep and cattle to feed on the commons
They would also collect wood and fish in the ponds
Without the Common Land the whole strip farming system would come crashing down

8. The Solution - The Enclosure Movement
So to accomplish this the government undertook a policy known as “Enclosure”
The government began to fence off or “enclose” off the common land
It was then put up for sale
Although the common land could be purchased by anyone, the small farmer did not have the resources to make such a large purchase
Hence …..

9. The End Result
Small farmers now had no where for their small herds of cattle and sheep to graze
Hence they could no longer subsist as farmers
They were forced to sell their farms at rock bottom prices to some powerful nobleman
Their only option was to move their families and meager belongings to the city in search for work

10. A Different Type of Farm
Small, inefficient farms were consolidated into large farms
These farms used all the modern technology available
More food was grown and less people were needed to grow it

11. Different Farm, Different Farmer
Small subsistence farmers were replaced with rich gentleman farmers
These farmers were not worried about putting food on the table, they were worried about making a profit
They had money to use modern technology
This money provided them the fertilizer to make their soil more productive
They also had the money to irrigate their lands
Furthermore they did not grow a variety of crops like the peasant farmers before them, they specialized in one or two crops and grew them very well

12. City Bound
The Agriculture Revolution changed what people did for a living and where they lived
It involved a mass migration of people from the farms to the city
This mass migration of people to the cities continues today

14. Why City Life – Advantages?
What advantages does city life provide today?
Employment opportunities
Educational opportunities
Entertainment
Social Networking
Better access to government programs and services