1. Food Plant Design and Pilot Demonstration
University of Agriculture, Abeokuta Department of Food Science and Technology
Course guide on
Food Plant Design and Pilot Demonstration
(FST 409)

2. Synopsis Concept of a food plant Plant design concepts
Definitions
Process design
Optimal design principles
Sanitary design
General appreciation of the food industry and various plant facility need
Design principles
Feasibility study
Site selection
Plant economics and profitability

3. Concept of a Food Plant Food plant as physical entity
Conversion processes in a food plant
Energy consumption and cost
Waste generation
Human expertise need
Life cycle of a plant

4. Plant design concepts Design as an idea generation exercise
Fitness to a purpose
Enormity of task depends on the intended scale of operation of the plant
Food Plant design as a multidisciplinary project
Coordinated by a Food Engineer/Food Technologist
Team may involve all or some of the following:
Civil, Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical Engineer, Accountants, Architects, Quantity Surveyor, Economists, etc.

5. Definitions Food process Process simulation Process optimization
Process instrumentation and control
Food plant sanitation

6. Stages in plant design Inception
Preliminary evaluation of economics and market
Development of data necessary for final design
Final economic evaluation
Detailed engineering design
Procurement
Erection
Startup and trial runs
Production

7. The Food Industry The producers The processors The marketers
The consumers

8. Plant Design Principles
Material Flow
Sanitary Design
Site Location
Design for People

9. Feasibility studies Types, definitions and goals: Technical Economic
Viability of a project

10. Issues in Technical Feasibility Study
Raw material requirement
Labor requirement
Equipment and facility requirement
Technology
Process flow
Facility construction and material suitability
Land suitability
Climatic consideration
Energy and utilities
Transportation

11. Issues in economic feasibility
Projected expenditures on the design project
Capital
Recurrent
Projected incomes
Sales
Services
Projected profits
Time value of money

12. Plant economics Asset values Initial value Salvage value Scrap value
Present value:
book value
market value
replacement value

13. Plant economics contd. Types of depreciation:
Physical
Functional
Depletion
Purpose of depreciation cost
Methods of calculating depreciation:
Straight line
Declining balance
Sum-of-the-year-digit
Sinking fund
Present worth

14. Plant economics contd. Profitability defined
Profitability evaluation methods:
Rate of return
Discounted cash flow
Net present worth
Capitalized costs
Payout period