1. Nationalism Review

2. Nationalism What is Nationalism? What is Self-Determination?
The extreme pride for your nation- (a group of people with common characteristics)
What is Self-Determination?
Belief that a nation has the right to rule themselves (self-rule, sovereignty)

3. Latin America (early 1800s)
Causes
Effects
Key Player
- Harsh Spanish Rule/ Imperialism
American & French Revolutions
Enlightenment
-Independence!
Regionalism
Economic dependence on West (cash-crop economies)
Unequal land and wealth distribution
-Simon Bolivar
Jose de San Martin
Toussaint L’Ouverture

4. Germany (1870s) Causes Effects Key Player -“Blood & Iron” (militarism)
-Weak German States
-“Blood & Iron” (militarism)
- Realpolitik
-Unified Germany
-Becomes strong and militaristic
-Upsets Balance of Power  WWI
-Otto Von Bismarck

5. Italy (1870s) Causes Effects Key Player - Weak Italian city-states
Created one unified Italian State
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Guiseppe Mazzini
Cavour

6. Ireland(1845-1995) Causes Effects Key Player Mass Migration
Independent Ireland with North Ireland ruled by British
-Terrorism between Protestant North and Catholic
-English control of Ireland
Irish Potato Famine- British continued taking healthy crops
Bitterness between Irish Catholics and Protestants
-Irish Republican Army (IRA)- a terrorist group

7. India (1920s-1940s) Causes Effects Key Player Partition of India
Independent Hindu India & Muslim Pakistan
Religious and Ethnic Conflict
Nuclear proliferation
Indian Democracy
- British Imperialism
-Sepoy Mutiny (anti-West)
–Gandhi’s Civil Disobedience (Salt March, boycott, fasting)
Indian National Congress
Gandhi
Jawaharlal Nehru

8. Zionism (Mid-1800s-1947) (movement to create homeland for Jews in Palestine)
Causes
Effects
Key Player
- Anti-Semitism
-Balfour Declaration (British support of cause)
-Holocaust
-1948 Israel a nation-state
Major conflict between Israel and neighboring Arab countries
-Peace prevented by extremists
-Theodore Herzl
-Yasir Arafat
-Yitzhak Rabin
-U.N

9. China (1839-1911) Causes Effects Key Player
Western Imperialism (Opium War)
Spheres of Influence
Weakness of Qing dynasty
Boxer Rebellion (anti- West)
1911-overthrow of Qing dynasty
1949-China becomes Communist
Sun Yixian

10. Africa (Post- WWII) Causes Effects Key Player
European empires weakened (post WWII)
African colonies helped European war effort
Independent African nations
ethnic conflict (Rwanda, Sudan)
Poverty/ disease of developing nations
corrupt government
Jomo Kenyatta
Kwame Nkrumah
Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu

11. Balkans (Eastern Europe)
Causes
Effects
Key Player
Many ethnic groups under rule of empires (Austria-Hungary)
- End of communism break up of Yugoslavia
Balkan Powder Keg WWI (assassination)
Bosnian conflict: Ethnic cleansing Serbs v. Muslims
The Black Hand
Slobodan Milosevic

12. Former USSR (1991) Causes Effects Key Player
-Communist Reforms (glasnost and perestroika)
- Desire for Self-Rule by many ethnicities who lived under Soviet (Russian) control
Collapse of Soviet Union
Independent Eastern European nations and Russia  form democracy
Mikhail Gorbachev