1. Cell Structure and Function

2. Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of structure and function
All things are made of cells
All cells arise from pre-existing cells

3. History of the Cell
Cells are the basic unit of organization in all living organisms
Cells were not discovered until the invention of the microscope
Organization of living things…
Cellstissuesorgansorgan systemsorganisms

4. Galileo 1620’s Credited as the first person to create a “microscope”
His “microscope” was a modified telescope or magnifying glass

5. Robert Hooke 1665 Observed cork cells (dead plant bark)
Named the cell—like “cells” in a monastery

6. Anton von Leewenhoek 1600’s Invented first real microscope
Observed bacterial cells

7. Robert Brown
1833
Named the nucleus

8. Matthias Schleiden
1838
All PLANTS are made of cells

9. Theodore Schwann
1838
All ANIMALS are made of cells

10. Francesco Redi 1700’s Disproved spontaneous generation
Idea that living things come from nonliving matter
Meat and maggots experiment

11. Ridolf Virchow 1858 All cells come from pre-existing cells
Proposed BIOGENESIS
Idea the living things come from living matter

12. Louis Pasteur
1862
Disproved spontaneous generation using chicken broth.
Boiling substances kills all living matter (Pasteurization)

13. Structure of the Cell Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Unicellular
Do NOT have a nucleus
Examples: bacteria
Unicellular and multicellular
Have a nucleus
Examples: plants, animals, protists, and fungi

15. Plasma Membrane Function: Allows things in an out of the cell
Prokaryotic Cells: Yes
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

16. Video

17. Cell Wall Function: Structure and support Prokaryotic Cells: Yes
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant only

18. Nucleus
Function: Controls the function of the cell; contains the cell’s genetic information (DNA)
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

19. Ribosomes Function: Protein manufacturer Prokaryotic Cells: Yes
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

20. Video

21. Cytoplasm Function: Gel-like substance found in the cell
Prokaryotic Cells: Yes
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

22. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Function: Site of cellular chemical reactions; cell’s assembly line
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

23. Golgi Bodies
Function: Packages and sorts proteins to be exported from the cell; like mail being sorted at the post office
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

24. Vacuole Function: Membrane-bound storage compartments
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant (large) and Animal (small if any at all)

25. Lysosomes
Function: Contain digestive enzymes to break down old cell parts or food parts
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

26. Mitochondria
Function: Energy house of the cell; turns glucose into ATP
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

27. Chloroplast
Function: Capture light energy and turn it into glucose (food)
Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Plants Only

28. Cilia and Flagella Function: Cell movement Prokaryotic Cells: Yes
Eukaryotic Cells: Animal (mostly unicellular)

29. Centriole Function: Cell division Prokaryotic Cells: No
Eukaryotic Cells: Animal Only

30. Cell Requirements All cells have… All cells need… Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
All cells need…
Energy
Water