1. Regional Economies Create Differences
Chapter 7.1

2. Another Revolution Affects America
New approaches to manufacturing took industry out of American households and into factories where mass production could be achieved

3. Industrial Revolution: social and economic reorganization that took place as machines replaced hand tools and large-scale factory production developed

4. Great Britain Starts a Revolution
18th Century, British inventors came up with ways to generate power using steam and coal
British merchants built the first factories

6. The Industrial Revolution in the United States
Primary source of income was international trade
Two events that turned the attention of Americans toward the development of domestic industries
Embargo Act of 1807
War of 1812

9. New England Industrializes 1/2
Pawtucket, RI 1793, Samuel Slater establishes the 1st successful mechanized textile factory in America
(mass producing only one part)

11. New England Industrializes 2/2
Waltham, MA 1813, Francis Cabot Lowell, Nathan Appleton & Patrick Tracy Jackson revolutionized the American textile industry by mechanizing all the stages in the manufacturing of cloth
After the initial success they would move the operation to Lowell, MA creating a booming manufacturing center

12. Agriculture in the North
North began as subsistence farmers
grow enough food to eat
As the settlers push west things would change
The area north of the Ohio River, farmers would have small farms
grow 1 or 2 crops or types of livestock and sell them at the market
By 1804, almost all of the northern states had voluntarily abolished slavery

13. Cotton is the King in the South
1793- Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin

16. 1820, Cotton Kingdom consisted of Louisiana, Mississippi & Alabama
The cotton gin accelerated the expansion of slavery

17. Slavery Becomes Entrenched
Increase in cotton production and increases in the number of slaves owned only paralleled each other
From
3,000 bales/year increased to 178,000 bales/year
700,000 slaves increased to 1,200,000 slaves

18. Clay Proposes the American System
1815, President Madison presents a plan to Congress in hopes of unifying a nation with diverse regional interests and create a strong, stable economy
House Speaker Henry Clay began to promote it as the American System

19. American System: 3 Points
Establishing a protective tariff
Developing transportation systems and other internal improvements
Resurrecting the national bank

21. United States Becoming Self-Sufficient
North produce the manufactured goods
South and West would produce most of the grain wheat and cotton needed
Transportation becomes
more efficient to move
goods, country becomes self- sufficient.

22. Erie Canal and Other Internal Improvements
National Road (government funded) would begin construction in 1811 and by 1838 would stretch from Maryland to Illinois

23. Erie Canal by the year 1825 would link the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
Just 12 years after completion the tolls of the canal would pay for the canals construction
New York City becomes the most dominant port in the country

24. Tariffs and the National Bank 1/2
British goods such as iron and textiles had stockpiled during the war so they were able to sell them far below cost
President Madison would propose the Tariff of 1816, placing a tariff on foreign goods would increase their price, as well as taking that tax to pay for internal improvements
North favored, South and West did not

25. Tariffs and the National Bank 2/2
Clay and Calhoun managed to sway southern Congressman to approve
1816, Congress would charter the Second Bank of the United States for 20 years, provided a common currency throughout the nation
1816, James Monroe elected president
the United States had entered an “Era of Good Feelings”