1. Nyíregyháza, 1st of December 2016.
Johanna Giczi (ELTE Faculty of Social Sciences, HCSO) Quality of life and time use patterns of elderly people
„Comparing the Experiences of People in their 50s and 60s of the Changes after the Fall of Communism” Conference
Nyíregyháza, 1st of December 2016.

2. Who is old?

3. Ageing: Demographic gap
Changes in dependency ratios of the young and elderly
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

4. Focuses
Ageing
Singularisation
Feminisation
Poverty

5. Type distribution of households with owners over 65
singularisation
Type distribution of households with owners over 65
Living alone 40%
Living with spouse 30%
Source: What are we living in? 2015

6. Gender ratio in old aged Hungarian population
feminisation
Gender ratio in old aged Hungarian population
Age group, Years
Man
Woman
Women per thousand men
1990
60–69
43,1
56,9
1 319
70–79
38,3
61,7
1 614
80–
31,8
68,2
2 143
Total
40,2
59,8
1 489
2001
42,1
57,9
1 375
37,0
63,0
1 704
30,4
69,6
2 290
38,6
61,4
1 589
2015
44,1
55,9
1 267
37,7
62,3
1 653
29,5
70,5
2 385
39,6
60,4
1 526
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

7. Ageing and labour market participation
Paid work as a pensioner – plans and reality, 2013
Planned
Realised plans
Man
Works flexible hours
54,4
22,9
Become an Entrepreneur
18,2
10,3
Take on full time or part time job as employee
38,6
26,4
Does agricultural work for additional income
25,5
15,6
Undertakes significant portion of looking after child/grandchild
86,6
40,6
Woman
51,9
18,9
11,8
4,5
39,3
24,7
16,2
7,7
86,8
55,3
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

8. Population in income quintiles by age groups and gender, 2014
Poverty
Population in income quintiles by age groups and gender, 2014
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

9. Opinion on duties of parents to their grown children, by age group, 2013
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

10. Dimensions of subjective well-being
’Deserved’ conditions of life
’Present’ conditions of life
’Past’ conditions of life
60-86 years old, together
8,49
6,28
7,15
18-86 years old, together
8,68
6,25
6,98
Age group, years
18-59 years old
8,75
6,30
6,91
60-64 years old
8,54
6,23
7,09
65-69 years old
8,50
6,15
7,07
70-86 years old
8,45
6,37
7,24
60-86 year old - family status
Living alone
8,20
6,01
6,50
Living without spouse, in a family
8,42
5,94
6,45
Living as a couple with spouse
6,55
7,71
Living with spouse in greater family
8,59
6,32
7,47
60-86 year old - health issues
No physical nor mental impediment – does not need help
7,44
No physical nor mental impediment – yet needs help
8,58
6,10
7,08
Existing physical nor mental impediment – does not need help
8,36
5,64
6,48
Existing physical nor mental impediment – needs help
8,30
5,42
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

11. Dimensions of subjective well-being
The changing evaluation of subjective well-being,
differences of scores
21–29
30–39
40–49
50–59
60–69
70–78
Average
years old
2005
Spousal relationship
8,92
8,70
8,44
8,49
8,65
8,95
8,64
Work
7,26
7,37
7,34
7,39
8,36
8,83
House, apartement
6,99
6,89
6,97
7,30
7,60
7,68
7,19
Life achievements
6,84
6,67
6,29
6,33
6,38
6,48
6,50
Expectations for the future
7,10
6,71
6,03
5,75
5,60
5,62
6,21
2014
8,87
8,76
8,34
8,67
9,13
7,43
7,33
8,16
8,51
7,40
7,71
7,45
7,53
7,57
8,05
8,31
7,74
7,13
7,12
6,75
6,59
7,08
7,24
6,98
6,70
6,36
5,72
5,36
5,68
5,81
5,96
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015
Source: own calculation

12. Dimensions of subjective well-being
Opinions on factors affecting well-being, by age group, 2014
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

13. Daily life of elderly people

14. Daily life of elderly people%
Just retired
Retired three or more years before
2004
2013
Men
Household work 29 46 31 40
Agricultural work, gardening, animal husbandry 57 64 59
Caring for pets 47 49 50
Work around the house, repair, maintenance 88 91 82 80
Caring for & supervising children, grandchildren 26 35 22 25
Supporting household of children, grandchildren 27 23 24
Patient care, caring for someone else 11 10 9
Public activities, volunteer work 8
Women 94 97 93 32 42 37 43 17 19 39 51 30 21 16 13 5 7
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár, 2015

15. Daily life of elderly people, age group 60-74: 1986/1987, 2000/2001, 2009/2010
Activites
Men
Women
Total
1986/1987
2000/2001
2009/2010
Household work 80 90
110
242
227
233
173
171
183
of which
Cooking, setting table, serving 12 17 28 95 98
102 60 65 72
Doing dishes 4 7 9 34 37 44 21 24 30
Housecleaning, tidying up 10 11 42 39 36 26
Washing & ironing 2 1 29 15 13
Clothes repair, sewing 19 5 3
Household repairs 35 47 18 16 25 31
of which: shopping 20
Taking care of (own) children
Storytellying, playing games
Household work altogether:
100
117
141
267
258
269
195
200
217
Typical feminine duties 43 56 77
238
229
239
154
158
174
Forrás: Időmérleg, KSH

16. Daily life of elderly people
Daily time used for feminine household duties, age group 60-74
minutes
Daily life of elderly people
Daily time used for feminine household duties, age group 60-74
minutes
1986/1987
2000/2001
2009/2010
Men 43 56 77
Women
238
229
239
Difference
195
173
162
Daily Free time, age group a 60-74
minutes
1986/1987
2000/2001
2009/2010
Men
294
365
367
Women
261
324
306
Difference
-33
-41
-61
Source: TUS, KSH own calculation

17. Daily pattern of housework of employed and retired women, aged over 45, by marital status
pattern shifting
pattern exchange
Employed woman with partner
Retired woman with partner
Employed woman with No partner
Retired woman with NO partner
Source: Giczi-Gregor, 2016

18. Daily pattern of leisure time of man and women with partners, over 45
Leisure time gap
Employed man with partner
Retired man with partner
Employed women with partner
Retired women with partner
Source: Giczi-Gregor, 2016

19. How age group 60–86 years think of life, 2013
Instead of Summary
How age group 60–86 years think of life, 2013 %
Not true at all
Rather not true
Rather true
Absolutely true
I have trust in the future 11 24 40 25
I am unable to control my everyday life 34 8
Life these days is so complicated that I often have no idea what to do 35 30 10
If one wants to move forward in life, one than needs to be ready to break some rules 26 23 33 17
I find no joy in work 66 22 4
Nobody cares what happens to the fellow human any more 27 32
Source: Ezüstkor Adattár

20. Thank you for your attention!

21. Poverty
Age group , years
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
0–17
19,9
24,8
18,8
19,7
20,6
20,3
23,0
22,6
23,2
24,6
18–24
15,5
16,9
16,8
18,1
17,7
17,0
18,9
19,8
21,3
25–54
14,0
15,1
11,9
12,1
12,5
12,3
13,5
13,1
14,2
55–64
8,7
10,4
7,0
7,3
6,2
7,5
10,2
10,8
11,4
11,5
65 and older
6,5
9,4
6,1
4,3
4,6
4,1
4,5
6,0
4,4
4,2
Average
15,9
12,4
13,8
14,3
14,6
Younger than 75
13,9
16,3
12,7
12,9
14,5
75 and older
10,5
6,4
3,9
4,9
3,3
5,4
3,4
2,9
People aged 75 or over has a poverty risk way below the Hungarian average.