1. Figurative Language

2. CONNOTATION
Thoughts or images that come to your head when you hear a word.
Example: When I hear the word ice cream, I think of my favorite ice cream: cookies and cream.
Example: When I hear the word Army, I think of my brothers being in the Army.

3. DENOTATION The dictionary definition of a word.
Example: The dictionary definition of ice cream is, “A dessert food prepared from a frozen mixture of milk products, sugar, and flavorings.
Example: The dictionary definition of Army is, “A large body of people organized and trained for land warfare.”

4. Alliteration
Definition: When the author makes the same sound over and over in a sentence.
Example: I laughed at the large loveable teddy bear.
Example: The sweet, succulent shrimp was bursting with flavor.

5. Hyperbole
This is an EXTREME exaggeration the author makes.
Example: The height of the basketball player stretched from the floor to the sky.
Example: That student is so smart that he makes Einstein look dumb.

6. IDIOM
When the author makes a play on words that doesn’t mean exactly what it might seem.
Example: Hey, young man … you get that chip off your shoulder right now! (This basically means to be careful of your bad attitude.)
Example: It is raining cats and dogs outside! (This means it is raining hard.)

7. METAPHOR A comparison NOT using “like” or “as.”
Example: He is a house!
Example: She is a cheetah.
Earth is a cantaloupe!

8. Onomatopoeia
Definition: When a word sounds exactly like it is spelled.
Example: Crack!!! The ball went over the fence for a homerun.
Example: When the chirp of the crickets did not end, I almost went insane!

9. Personification
This is when the author gives nonliving objects human characteristics.
Example: The wind whispered in my ear.
Example: The sun glared angrily at me.

10. Simile Definition: A comparison using “like” or “as.”
Example: The boy was like a clown when he came to school.
Example: It was as cold as the North Pole outside yesterday!