1. May day
May 1st is May Day, but in many areas of Germany, northern and central Europe, the revelry begins tonight with WALPURGISNACHT. A night of mayhem celebrating the arrival of spring. Following in the footsteps of a tradition when witches were believed to gather on the Brocken and enjoy themselves, whatever that involved for witches, waiting for dawn to break and bring with it the beginning of summer. Together with their bats and cats they flew around the highest of north central Germany's Harz mountains, partying with warlocks and the Devil and creating occult mischief. May 1 is St. Walburga's Feast day, but the evening's rowdy associations have little to do with blameless Saint Walpurga. It is her date of canonization, an 8th-century English missionary and Abbess she worked to convert pagans in the Frankish Empire, now Southern Germany, now with the twist that she is the patron saint against evil spirits. Witches, Warlocks and Devils perhaps?

2. Frage des Tages

3. Objective
Students will be able to

4. Order of events
Go over HW
Review Subj. II
Intro. subj. I

5. Subjunctive II review Modals keep umlauts: te, test, te, ten, tet, ten
Strong verbs add an umlaut: haben= hätte, sein= wäre, werden = würde
Present tense: e, est, e, en, et, en
Past tense: ich hätte gefraft
Future tense: ich würde fragen

6. Subjunctive I
English, like German, has a special subjunctive, employed mostly in formulating third-person commands: "Long live the king!“ It may also be used in clauses that concede a point: "Be it ever so humble, there's no place like home."
Used in formal, impartial reporting: Der Finanzminister sagte, höhere Steuern seien notwendig.
Note: Subj. I is largely obsolete and can usually be found only in set expressions from an earlier time.

7. Subjunctive I
Subjunctive I is usually reserved for careful reporting – television newscasts, newspaper articles, magazines, books, essays, terms papers. In everyday conversation the tendency is to avoid subjunctive I and to choose instead between the indicative and subjunctive II.

8. Subjunktive I
Seien is the subjunctive I counterpart of sind. By choosing this form of the verb, the reporter shows that he is maintaining an objective distance from the finance minister’s words. He is neither agreeing nor disagreeing with them, but merely attributing the statement to its source.

9. Subjunctive I
Expresses uncertainty, doubt, wishes, suppositions, conjecture, politeness, and conditions that are contrary to fact.
Two main uses:
In conditional sentences expressing conditions that are unreal, doubtful, or contrary to fact. (If I were you…)
In indirect discourse.(He said (that) he would not come.)

10. Subjunctive I Additional uses:
In wishes that can be fulfilled. Gott sei Dank! Er ruhe in Frieden!
In first-person plural commands. Gehen wir! Seien wir offen und ehrlich!
3rd person singular commands, often used in formal instructions or directions. Man folge der Regal sorgfältig!
In common impersonal phrases. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß… (It should be mentioned that…)

11. Subjunctive I
Present: e, est, e, en, et, en (verb forms never have the stem-vowel change found in their present indicative form.)
*Exceptions: sein= sei, sei(e)st, sei, seien, seiet, seien
haben= habe, habest, habe, haben habet, haben
Past: du habest gefragt
Future: werde, werdest, werde, werden, werdet, werden

12. Subjunktive I
Just like English, German bases the subjunctive I on the stem of the present tense forms. It then adds the same endings as does the subjunctive II.
With the exception of "sein," many special subjunctive forms are indistinguishable from the ordinary present tense: e.g. ich mache, wir haben, Sie fahren, sie sehen.

13. Review