1. Middle Ages P

2. World at the time of the Crusades

3. Crusades Palestine (Holy Land) in hands of Muslims
1000’s Turkish Muslims capture Jerusalem and attack pilgrims
Attack Byzantine Empire-emperor asks Pope for help
Pope Urban II- call Christians to retake Holy Land from Muslims
Join Pope’s army
Sew cross on clothes (Crusades)
Rally cry “God wills it”

5. 1st Crusade- 1096 AD Peasants- attack Jews in Germany on the way
Killed by Turks before reaching the Holy Land
Nobles- reach Jerusalem in 1099 and took city
Set up 4 small kingdoms and set up vassal system

8. The Church of the Holy Sepulcher

9. 2nd Crusade- 1147 AD French and Germans Total defeat
Muslims retook lands lost to Christians in the 1st Crusade

11. 3rd Crusade- 1189 AD French, German, and English kings took part
Germany king died on way, French king left
English king remained- King Richard I
Fought Saladin
stalemate

12. Saladin vs Richard the Lionhearted

14. 4th Crusade- 1201 AD French arrive in Venice to sail to Holy Land
No money for passage
Venetians ask knights to conquer Zama in return for passage
Sack Constantinople and looted

16. End of Crusades 1291- Muslims have Holy Land Fail 1-huge distance
2- weren’t prepared for the climate
3- outnumbered
4- fought amongst themselves

17. Effects Trade grew- brought spices and goods back to Europe
Ideas exchanged
Kings grow in power
Towns grow
Christian/Muslim relations strained