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The World of Music 6th edition

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1 The World of Music 6th edition
Part 4 Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11: Music of the Classic Period ( )

2 Classic Period: Age of Reason
Emotional Restraint Balance Clarity Symmetry Clear/Precise Formal Structure Simplicity Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

3 Classic Period Musical Characteristics
Melody is Prime Concern Homophonic Texture Stepwise (Scalar) Melodies Tonal and Diatonic Obvious Cadences Rhythm Uncomplicated Predictable Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

4 Instrumental Ensembles
Standard Orchestra Violin I and II Violas Cellos Double Basses Flute I and II Clarinet I and II Oboe I and II Bassoon I and II Trumpets Horns Timpani String Quartet Violin I and II Viola Cello Piano Trio Violin Piano Piano Quintet Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

5 Multimovement Works Sonata Symphony Concerto Chamber Music
Typical Movements I Fast: Sonata Form II Slow: ABA or Theme and Variations Form III Dance: Minuet (or Scherzo) and Trio IV Fast: Rondo or Sonata Form Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

6 Opera in the Classic Period
Ongoing Music Continuous Drama Recitative/Aria Accompaniment More Complex Enhanced the Voice No Longer Totally Subservient Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

7 Sonata Form Exposition Development Recapitulation
Primary Theme in Tonic Key Secondary Theme in Contrasting Key Development Composer’s Playground Develops Themes from Exposition Recapitulation Secondary Theme in TONIC Key Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

8 Theme and Variations Form
Begins with a Theme Continues with Variations of Same Theme Tempo Dynamics Articulations Tonality Mode Instrumentation Texture Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

9 Minuet and Trio Form Stately Dance From Baroque Period ABA Form
Many Parts of Each Section are Repeated Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

10 Rondo Form Begins with Ritornello Theme
Ritornello Alternates with Contrasting Themes Melody Mood Tonality Common Structures ABACA ABACABA ABACADA Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

11 Franz Joseph Haydn (1732 – 1809) Austrian Logical Coherent Music
Served 30 Years with Prince of Austria Output 104 Symphonies 35 Concertos 82 String Quartets 60 Piano Sonatas Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

12 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791)
Austrian Child Prodigy Father was Musician Traveled Europe Sophisticated, Urbane Music Output Many Concertos 25 Piano 7 Violin Various Other Instruments 23 String Quartets 17 Piano Sonatas Many Operas The Magic Flute The Marriage of Figaro Don Giovanni Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

13 Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 – 1827)
Transitional Composer (to Romantic Period) Three Periods Early Education Formative Middle Prolific More Classic Works Late Fewer Works More Romantic Style Output 9 Symphonies 5 Piano Concertos 1 Violin Concerto 32 Piano Sonatas 16 String Quartets 9 Piano Trios Many Concert Overtures 1 Opera (Fidelio) Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

14 Chapter Summary How did the rise of the middle class and the Industrial Revolution affect the development of music? Do you think today’s society is more like the Classic period or the Baroque? Why? Why do you think so many pieces were being written for instruments alone? Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

15 Image Credits Slide 2 (c) Brand X Pictures/ PunchStock
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11 Music of the Classic Period

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